Introduction
Without a doubt, gangs are intimately intertwined with violence and also promote, facilitate, and perpetuate brutal acts of violence (International Crisis Group 2017; Jütersonke et al. 2009; Klein et al. 2006). Violence perpetuated by gangs is not the sole province of any one gang or any one nation state. In fact, Hagedorn (2005) reminds us of the global impact of gangs as their reach, activities, and violent acts are not confined to local jurisdictions where they might be based, but extends far beyond their local borders and into many countries around the world. In fact, Hagedorn (2005) speaks definitively about the institutionalization of gangs in some cities across the world and the concomitant violence they impose on residents in those jurisdictions, while Thornberry et al. (2003) point out that gang members are extensively involved in delinquent and criminal activities, especially serious and violent activities. Instructively, Rodgers (2017) asserts that a universal...
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Further Reading
Armstrong, G., & Rosbrook-Thompson, J. (2017). ‘Squashing the beef’: Combatting gang violence and reforming masculinity in East London. Contemporary Social Science, 12(3–4), 285–296.
Baird, A. (2012). The violent gang and the construction of masculinity amongst socially excluded young men. Safer Communities, 11(4), 179–190.
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Patton, D. U., Lane, J., Leonard, P., Macbeth, J., & Smith Lee, J. R. (2017). Gang violence on the digital street: Case study of a South Side Chicago gang member’s twitter communication. New Media and Society, 19(7), 1000–1018.
Winton, A. (2005). Youth, gangs and violence: Analysing the social and spatial mobility of young people in Guatemala City. Children’s Geographies, 3(2), 167–184.
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Wallace, W.C. (2020). Gang Violence. In: Romaniuk, S., Thapa, M., Marton, P. (eds) The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74336-3_47-1
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