Skip to main content

Extraction Rates and the Environmental Impacts of Economic Growth in the Twenty-First Century

Part of the Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals book series (ENUNSDG)

Synonyms

Global material flows; Material footprint; Raw material extraction

Definitions

Domestic material consumption (DMC) is the amount of materials used in a national economy during the total economic process. It is a standard material flow accounting indicator to measure production in the domestic economy.

Extraction Rates

Introduction

The twentieth century was a period of tremendous development and technological advancement for humanity. Marvels in infrastructure, technology, and transportation revolutionized the way we experienced the world around us. Poverty levels dramatically decreased, and a greater proportion of people had the opportunity to achieve improved standards of living. As a result, the cost to maintain and improve the global standard of living was borne by the most precious asset known to human: nature. Upkeeping the rising consumption demands as a result of this spike, has put enormous pressures on the environment. The acquisition of fossil fuels, metals,...

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

References

  • Akizu-Gardoki O, Bueno G, Wiedmann T, Lopez-Guede JM, Arto I, Hernandez P, Moran D (2018) Decoupling between human development and energy consumption within footprint accounts. J Clean Prod 202(novembro):1145–1157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.235

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Bringezu S (2015) Possible target corridor for sustainable use of global material resources. Resources 4(março):25–54. https://doi.org/10.3390/resources4010025

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Bringezu S, Potočnik J, Schandl H, Ramaswami A, Swilling M, Suh S (2016) Multi-scale governance of sustainable natural resource use—challenges and opportunities for monitoring and institutional development at the national and global level. Sustainability 8(agosto):778. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8080778

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • ECLAC (2019) Quadrennial report on regional progress and challenges in relation to the 2030 agenda for sustainable development in Latin America and the Caribbean. Economic Comission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Santiago. https://repositorio.cepal.org/bitstream/handle/11362/44552/S1900432_en.pdf?sequence=7&isAllowed=y

    Google Scholar 

  • GSDR (2019) Global sustainable development report – the future is now, science for achieving sustainable development. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/24797GSDR_report_2019.pdf

  • Haas W, Krausmann F, Wiedenhofer D, Heinz M (2015) How circular is the global economy?: an assessment of material flows, waste production, and recycling in the European Union and the World in 2005. J Ind Ecol 19(5):765–777. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12244

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Hickel J (2019) The contradiction of the sustainable development goals: growth versus ecology on a finite planet. Sustain Dev, abril. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.1947

  • Kallis G (2017) Radical dematerialization and degrowth. Philos Trans R Soc A Math Phys Eng Sci 375(2095):20160383. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0383

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Lettenmeier M, Rohn H, Liedtke C, Schmidt-Bleek F, Bienge K, Urbaneja D, Buddenberg J (2009) Resource productivity in 7 steps: how to develop eco-innovative products and services and improve their material footprint, janeiro. Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy, Germany

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma F, Wang H, Zhu B, Chen D, Dai H, Wang J, Zhao S et al (2018) Material footprint of a fast-industrializing region in China, part 1: exploring the materialization process of Liaoning Province. Resour Conserv Recycl 134(julho). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.03.015

  • Managi S, Kumar P (2018) Inclusive wealth report 2018: measuring progress towards sustainability. UN Environment, London

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Oberle B, Bringezu S, Hatfield-Dodds S, Hellweg S, Schandl H, Clement J, Cabernard L et al (2019) Global resources outlook 2019: natural resources for the future we want (A Report of the International Resource Panel)

    Google Scholar 

  • Qasem I (2010) Resource scarcity in the 21st century: conflict or cooperation? Hague Centre for Strategic Studies (HCSS) and TNO, Den Haag. https://hcss.nl/sites/default/files/files/reports/Strategy_Change_PAPER_03_web.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Schandl H, Hatfield-Dodds S, Wiedmann T, Geschke A, Cai Y, West J, Newth D, Baynes T, Lenzen M, Owen A (2015) Decoupling global environmental pressure and economic growth: scenarios for energy use, materials use and carbon emissions. J Clean Prod, julho. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.06.100

  • Steinmann Z, Schipper A, Hauck M, Huijbregts M (2016) How many environmental impact indicators are needed in the evaluation of product life cycles? Environ Sci Technol 50(março). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b05179

  • UNEP (United Nations Environmental Program) (2011a) Decoupling natural resource use and environmental impacts from economic growth, a report of the Working Group on Decoupling to the International Resource Panel. Fischer-Kowalski M, Swilling M, von Weizsacker¨ EU, Ren Y, Moriguchi Y, Crane W, Krausmann F, Eisenmenger N, Giljum S, Hennicke P, Romero Lankao P, Siriban Manalang A. UNEP, Nairobi

    Google Scholar 

  • UNEP (United Nations Environmental Program) (2011b) Recycling rates of metals—a status report. UNEP, Nairobi

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiedmann T, Lenzen M (2018) Environmental and social footprints of international trade. Nat Geosci 11(abril). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0113-9

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Brian Matthews .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Matthews, B., Dall’Orsoletta, F. (2020). Extraction Rates and the Environmental Impacts of Economic Growth in the Twenty-First Century. In: Leal Filho, W., Azul, A., Brandli, L., Özuyar, P., Wall, T. (eds) Decent Work and Economic Growth. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71058-7_74-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71058-7_74-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-71058-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-71058-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Earth & Environm. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials Science