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Presenilin

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Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules

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Historical Background

Presenilins (PSs) were first identified in early 1990s as multipass transmembrane proteins those mutations causing familial early-onset forms of Alzheimer disease in which symptoms usually develop between a person’s early 40s and mid-50s. Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as the most common form of dementia, is a major public health problem in the world especially in developed country. Presenilins, the core units of the γ -secretase complex, participate in the process of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) that plays central role in the pathogenesis of AD. However, there are numerous pieces of evidence that PS mutations have several γ -secretase-independent effects.

Presenilins and γ-Secretase Assembly

PSs are highly conserved transmembrane proteins with aspartyl protease activity, characterized by nine helical transmembrane domains (TMD). In mammals, two homologs are present: PS1 and PS2. The homology between them is about 67%. PSs are mostly localized in the ER, Golgi, and in...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

    I. Stiller, A. Valdinger & G. Banhegyi

Authors
  1. I. Stiller
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  2. A. Valdinger
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  3. G. Banhegyi
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Correspondence to I. Stiller .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea

    Sangdun Choi

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Stiller, I., Valdinger, A., Banhegyi, G. (2018). Presenilin. In: Choi, S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_101796

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