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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

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Contemporary Heart Transplantation

Part of the book series: Organ and Tissue Transplantation ((OTT))

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Abstract

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a mode of mechanical cardiopulmonary support that is a direct extension of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and provides temporary support for patients with cardiac and pulmonary failure. Because of the ease of institution, ECMO can be started emergently and can provide almost immediate cardiopulmonary support for patients in hemodynamically unstable clinical conditions. Though ECMO and extracorporeal life support (ECLS) circuits are simple in principle, ECMO circuitry has seen tremendous innovation in the past few decades. ECMO can be modulated in multiple configurations to provide cardiac and pulmonary support and to suit the specific needs of patients in many clinical conditions. This chapter included discussion on the historical inception of ECMO, expansion in scope, the indications, and clinical conditions it is used for and its role as a bridge to heart and lung transplantation in selected patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, (Cardiothoracic Surgery), George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA

    Elizabeth S. Pocock & Farzad Najam

  2. Department of Medicine (Cardiology), George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA

    Gurusher Panjrath

  3. Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, VA, USA

    Gurusher Panjrath

  4. Division of Cardiology (Medicine), George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University Heart and Vascular Institute, Washington, DC, USA

    Gurusher Panjrath

  5. Heart Failure Program and Mechanical Circulatory Support Program, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA

    Gurusher Panjrath

Authors
  1. Elizabeth S. Pocock
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  2. Farzad Najam
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  3. Gurusher Panjrath
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Correspondence to Gurusher Panjrath .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. AdventHealth Transplant Institute, Orlando, FL, USA

    Linda Bogar

  2. University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    April Stempien-Otero

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Pocock, E.S., Najam, F., Panjrath, G. (2020). Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. In: Bogar, L., Stempien-Otero, A. (eds) Contemporary Heart Transplantation. Organ and Tissue Transplantation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58054-8_26

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58054-8_26

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