Abstract
Until recently, the career prospects of engineers and researchers have changed considerably. The chances of getting a permanent job, of getting a good position at a university or research center depend not only on one’s academic degree but also on individuals’ experience, competencies, and portfolio. Skills received during the period of study at the university or dissertation research can no longer be considered as sufficient for career. Lifelong learning is becoming the dominant model and should become an integral part of all career plans by means of constantly updating and developing the individuals’ “portfolio of competencies.” At the same time, successful companies should focus not on the staff but on the organizational stock skills, i.e., the aggregate “portfolio of competencies” of employees with different professions, which allows the company to formulate for specific tasks and projects different sets of competencies required in each specific case.
The chapter analyzes the most in-demand and dynamically changing sets of competencies in two high-tech areas – robotics and biotechnology.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
References
Center for European Economic Research (2017) Digitalisation boosts labour demand in Europe. http://www.zew.de/en/presse/pressearchiv/digitaler-wandel-kurbelt-nachfrage-nach-arbeitskraeften-in-europa-an/. Accessed 21 Feb 2018
Davenport TH, Patil DJ (2012) Data scientist. Har Bus Rev 90(5):70–76
De Filippo D, Sanz Casado E, Gomez I (2009) Quantitative and qualitative approaches to the study of mobility and scientific performance: a case study of a Spanish university. Res Eval 18(3):191–200
Deloitte (2017) The megatrends of tomorrow’s world. Deloitte Consulting GmbH, München. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/nl/Documents/public-sector/deloitte-nl-ps-megatrends-2ndedition.pdf. Accessed 10 Feb 2019
Dezhina I, Ponomarev A (2014) Advanced manufacturing: new emphasis in industrial development. Foresight-Russia 8(2):16–29
Edler J, Fier H, Grimpe C (2011) International scientist mobility and the locus of knowledge and technology transfer. Res Policy 40(6):791–805
Gargiulo F, Carletti T (2014) Driving forces of researchers mobility. Sci Rep 4:4860
Gartner (2018) 4 steps to develop digital dexterity in your workplace. Режим доступа: https://www.gartner.com/binaries/content/assets/events/keywords/digital-workplace/pcce13/4_steps-infographics-3.pdf. Accessed 15 June 2018
Gekara VO, Nguyen VT (2018) New technologies and the transformation of work and skills: a study of computerisation and automation of Australian container terminals. N Technol Work Employ 33(3):219–233
Gokhberg L, Kitova G, Kuznetsova T (2016) Russian researchers: professional values, remuneration and attitudes to science policy. In: Gokhberg L, Shmatko N, Auriol L (eds) The science and technology labor force: the value of doctorate holders and development of professional careers. Springer International Publishing, Heidelberg/New York/Dordrecht/London, pp 249–272
Gokhberg L, Meissner D, Shmatko N (2017) Myths and realities of highly qualified labor and what it means for PhDs. J Knowl Econ 8:758–767. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-016-0403-7
Heitor M, Horta H, Mendonça J (2014) Developing human capital and research capacity: science policies promoting brain gain technological forecasting and social change. Technol Forecast Soc Chang 82:6–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2013.07.008
Lee HF, Miozzo M, Laredo P (2010) Career patterns and competences of PhDs in science and engineering in the knowledge economy: The case of graduates from a UK research-based university. Res Policy 39(7):869–881
Lee H, Miozzo M, Laredo P (2012) Job mobility of science and engineering PhDs: movers and stayers and implications for knowledge flows to industry. Paper for DRUID 2012, Copenhagen, 19–21 June 2012. Available: https://conference.druid.dk/acc_papers/fai70r8o69h3eoylev1x93ko6kd0.pdf
Lethbridge TC (2000) What knowledge is important to a software professional? Computer 33(5):44–50
Musselin C (2004) Towards a European academic labour market? Some lessons drawn from empirical studies on academic mobility. High Educ 48:55–78. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HIGH.0000033770.24848.41
National Science Board (2015) Revisiting the STEM workforce: A companion to science and engineering indicators 2014. Arlington
OECD (2016) Skills for a digital world. Policy brief on the future of work. OECD Publishing, Paris. Available: http://www.oecd.org/els/emp/Skills-for-a-Digital-World.pdf. Accessed 21 Feb 2018
Scellato G, Franzoni C, Stephan P (2017) A mobility boost for research. Science 356(6339):694. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan4052
Shmatko N, Katchanov Y, Volkova G (2018) Research careers: conceptual frameworks and actual practices. WP BRP 87/STI/2018
Acknowledgments
The book chapter is based on the study funded by the Basic Research Program of the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) and by the Russian Academic Excellence Project “5-100.”
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Shmatko, N., Gokhberg, L., Meissner, D. (2020). Skill-Sets for Prospective Careers of Highly Qualified Labor. In: Zimmermann, K. (eds) Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57365-6_20-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57365-6_20-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-57365-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-57365-6
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Economics and FinanceReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences