Abstract
In this chapter we feature instruments to measure teacher attitudes, competencies, and pedagogical practices judged to be important for effectively integrating technology into the classroom learning environment. The ability to assess a teacher’s level on these attributes is important because positive attitudes, proficiency, and effective pedagogical strategies are necessary to foster quality student learning. Specific instruments that serve as exemplars for teacher appraisal are introduced. The importance of including more than one type of measure to comprehensively assess teacher needs and prescribe appropriate professional development is discussed.
References
Albirini, A. (2006). Teachers’ attitudes towards information and communication technologies: The case of Syrian EFL teachers. Computers & Education, 47(4), 373–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2004.10.013.
Allen, J. G., Wasicsko, M. M., Chirichello, M. (2014). The missing link: Teaching the dispositions to lead. International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 9(1). March, 2014 ISSN: 2155-9635 © 2014 National Council of Professors of Educational Administration.
Archambault, L., & Barnett, J. (2010). Revisiting technological pedagogical content knowledge: Exploring the TPACK framework. Computers & Education, 55(4), 1656–1662.
Bandura, A. (1993). Perceived self-efficacy in cognitive development and functioning. Educational Psychologist, 28(2), 117–148.
Banister, S., & Reinhart, R. (2012). Assessing NETS•T performance in teacher candidates: Exploring the wayfind teacher assessment. Journal of Digital Learning in Teacher Education, 29(2), 59–65.
Becker, H.J., & Anderson, R.E. (1998). Validating self-report measures of the ‘constructivism’ of teachers’ beliefs and practices. Paper presented at the 1998 meetings of the American Educational Research Association, San Diego, CA.
Buabeng-Andoh, C. (2012). Factors influencing teachers’ adoption and integration of information and communication technology into teaching: A review of the literature. International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 8(1), 136–155.
Cattell, R. B. (1973). Personality and mood by questionnaire. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Center for Research of Pedagogy and Practice. (2005). Authentic pedagogy. Singapore: National Institute of Education.
Christensen, R. (2002). Effects of technology integration education on the attitudes of teachers and students. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 34(4), 411–433.
Christensen, R., & Knezek, G. (2000). Internal consistency reliabilities for 14 computer attitude scales. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 8(4), 327–336.
Christensen, R., & Knezek, G. (2001a). Instruments for assessing the impact of technology in education. Computers in the Schools, 18(2), 5–25.
Christensen, R., & Knezek, G. (2001b). Profiling teacher stages of adoption for technology integration. Computers in New Zealand Schools, 13(3), 25–29.
Christensen, R., & Knezek, G. (2008). Self-report measures and findings for information technology attitudes and competencies. In J. Voogt & G. Knezek (Eds.), International handbook of information technology in primary and secondary education (pp. 349–365). New York: Springer.
Christensen, R. W., & Knezek, G. A. (2009). Construct validity for the teachers’ attitudes toward computers questionnaire. Journal of Computing in Teacher Education, 25(4), 143–155.
Christensen, R., & Knezek, G. (2017a). Validating the technology proficiency self assessment for 21st century learning (TPSA C21) instrument. Journal of Digital Learning in Teacher Education, 33(1), 20–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/21532974.2016.1242391.
Christensen, R., & Knezek, G. (2017b). Validating a mobile learning readiness survey: Assessing teachers’ dispositions toward adoption. Journal of Digital Learning in Teacher Education, 33(4), 143–155.
Cope, C., & Ward, P. (2002). Integrating learning technology into the classrooms: The importance of teacher perceptions. Educational Technology & Society, 5, 67–74.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340.
Dwyer, D. (1994). Apple classrooms of tomorrow: What we’ve learned. Educational Leadership, 51(7), 4–10.
Dwyer, D. C., Ringstaff, C., & Sandholtz, J. H. (1989). The evolution of teachers’ instructional beliefs and practices in high-access-to-technology classrooms: First–fourth year findings (ACOT Report #8). Cupertino: Apple Computer.
Edusurge. (2017). Product review: Kahn Academy. Available: https://www.edsurge.com/product-reviews/khan-academy.
Ertmer, P. A. (1999). Addressing first-and second-order barriers to change: Strategies for technology integration. Educational Technology Research and Development, 47(4), 47–61.
Gencturk, E., Gokcek, T., & Gunes, G. (2010). Reliability and validity study of the technology proficiency self-assessment scale. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2, 2863–2867.
Hall, G. E., Loucks, S. F., Rutherford, W. L., & Newlove, B. W. (1975). Levels of use of the innovation: A framework for analyzing innovation adoption. Journal of Teacher Education, 26(1), 52–56.
Hancock, R., Knezek, G., & Christensen, R. (2007). Cross-validating measures of technology integration: A first step toward examining potential relationships between technology integration and student achievement. Journal of Computers in Teacher Education, 24(1), 15–21.
Hart, S. A., & Laher, S. (2015). Perceived usefulness and culture as predictors of teachers attitudes towards educational technology in South Africa. South African Journal of Education, 35(4), 1–12.
Heitink, M., Voogt, J., Verplanken, L., van Braak, J., & Fisser, P. (2016). Teachers’ professional reasoning about their pedagogical use of technology. Computers & Education, 101, 70–83, ISSN 0360-1315, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.05.009.
Hogarty, K. Y., Lang, T. R., & Kromrey, J. D. (2003). Another look at technology use in classrooms: The development and validation of an instrument to measure teachers’ perceptions. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 63(1), 137–160.
Hsu, S. (2017). Developing and validating a scale for measuring change in teachers’ ICT integration proficiency over time. Computer & Education, 111, 18–30.
International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE). (2008). ISTE policy brief – technology and student achievement – the indelible link. Washington, DC: ISTE.
International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE). (2010). Technology, coaching and community: Power partners for improved professional development in primary and secondary education. Washington, DC: ISTE. Available: https://www.ri-iste.org/Resources/Documents/Coaching_Whitepaper_digital.pdf
Jacobson, M. L., So, H. J., Teo, T., Lee, J., Pathak, S., & Lossman, H. (2010). Epistemology and learning: Impact on pedagogical practices and technology use in Singapore schools. Computer & Education, 55, 1694–1706.
Johnson, D. (2013). Power up! Technology skills every teacher needs. Educational Leadership, 70(6), 84–85.
Jonassen, D., Howland, J., Moore, J., & Marra, R. (2003). Learning to solve problems with technology: A constructivist perspective (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River: Merrill Prentice Hall.
Knezek, G., Christensen, R., Mayes, G., & Morales, C. (2005). A comparison of self-report and observer ratings of educator technology integration proficiency. In C. Crawford et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of society for information technology and teacher education international conference 2005 (pp. 892–897). Chesapeake: AACE.
Koh, J. H. L., Chai, C. S., & Tsai, C. C. (2010). Examining the technology pedagogical content knowledge of Singapore pre-service teachers with a large-scale survey. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 26(6), 563–573.
Lambert, J., Gong, Y., & Cuper, P. (2008). Technology, transfer and teaching: The impact of a single technology course on preservice teachers’ computer attitudes and ability. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 16(4), 385–410.
Learning.com. (2012). Wayfind teacher assessment.
Leng, N. W. (2011). Reliability and validity of an information and communications technology attitude scale for teachers. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 20(1), 162–170.
Liu, S. H. (2011). Factors related to pedagogical beliefs of teachers and technology integration. Computers & Education, 56, 1012–1022.
Loyd, B. H., & Gressard, C. P. (1984). Reliability and factorial validity of computer attitude scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 44(2), 501–505.
Luckin, R., Holmes, W., Griffiths, M., & Forcier, L. B. (2016). Intelligence unleashed: An argument for AI in education. London: Pearson.
Mayes, G. (2014). Factors impacting the accuracy of self-report perceptions of expertise in technology integration, dissertation, December 2014; Denton, Texas. digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699870/. Accessed 31 Jul 2017. University of North Texas Libraries, Digital Library, digital.library.unt.edu.
Milman, N., & Molebash, P. E. (2008). A longitudinal assessment of teacher education students’ confidence toward using technology. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 38(2), 183–200.
Miranda, H. P., & Russell, M. (2012). Understanding factors associated with teacher-directed student use of technology in elementary classrooms: A structural equation modeling approach. British Journal of Educational Technology, 43(4), 652–666.
Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017–1054. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x.
Niederhauser, D., & Lindstrom, D. (2018). Instructional technology integration models and frameworks: Diffusion, competencies, attitudes, and dispositions. In J. Voogt, G. Knezek, R. Christensen, & K. Lai (Eds.), International handbook of information technology in primary and secondary education (2nd ed.). New York: Springer.
Niederhauser, D., & Perkman, S. (2008). Validation of the interpersonal technology integration scale: Assessing the influence of intrapersonal factors that influence technology integration. Computers in the Schools, 25(1–2), 98–111.
Northeast and the Islands Regional Technology in Education Consortium (NEIR*TEC). (2007). Evaluation methods and selected advantages and disadvantages. Retrieved 22 Sept 2007 from http://www.neirtec.org/.
Perkman, S., & Pamuk, S. (2011). Social cognitive predictors of pre-service teachers’ technology integration performance. Asia Pacific Education Review, 12(1), 45–58.
Price, P. C., Jhangiani, R. S., Chiang, I-C. A. (2015). Research methods in psychology, 2nd edn. https://opentextbc.ca/researchmethods/.
Rizhaupt, A. D., Huggins-Manley, A. C., Dawson, K., Agadi-Dogan, N., & Dogan, S. (2017). Validity and appropriate uses of the revised technology and perceptions survey (TUPS). Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 49(1/2), 73–87.
Rogers, P. L. (1999). Barriers to adopting technologies in education. Richmond: Virginia Commonwealth University. Rehabilitation and Training Center on Supported Employment. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED429556).
Ropp, M. M. (1999). Exploring individual characteristics associated with learning to use computers in preservice teacher preparation. Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 31(4), 402–424.
Sang, G., Valcke, M., van Braak, J., & Tondeur, J. (2010). Student teachers’ thinking processes and ICT integration: Predictors of prospective teaching behaviors and educational technology. Computers & Education, 54(1), 103–112.
Schmidt, D., Baran, E., Thompson, A., Mishra, P., Koehler, M., & Shin, T. (2009). Technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK): The development and validation of an assessment instrument for preservice teachers. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 42(2), 123–149.
Sheehan, M., & Nillas, L. (2010). Technology integration in secondary mathematics classrooms: Effect on students’ understanding. Journal of Technology Integration in the Classroom, 2(3), 67–83.
Sherer, R., Tondeur, J., Siddiq, F., & Baran, E. (2017). The importance of attitudes toward technology for pre-service teachers’ technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge: Comparing structural equation modelling approaches. Computers in Human Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.11.003.
Shulman, L. S. (1986). Those who understand: Knowledge growth in teaching. Educational Researcher, 15(2), 4–14.
Stoeckl, S. (2016). Five reasons why the 2016 ISTE Standards for Students matter. https://www.iste.org/explore/articleDetail?articleid=685. 13 July 2016.
Tondeur, J., Aesaert, K., Pynoo, B., van Braak, J., Fraeyman, N., & Erstad, O. (2017). Developing a validated instrument to measure preservice teachers’ ICT competencies: Meeting the demands of the 21st century. British Journal of Educational Technology, 48(2), 462–472.
Wang, L., Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (2004). Increasing preservice teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs for technology integration. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 36(3), 231–250.
Watkins, C., & Mortimore, P. (1999). Pedagogy: What do we know? In P. Mortimore (Ed.), Understanding pedagogy and its impact on learning. London: Paul Chapman Publishing.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Christensen, R., Knezek, G. (2018). Measuring Teacher Attitudes, Competencies, and Pedagogical Practices in Support of Student Learning and Classroom Technology Integration. In: Voogt, J., Knezek, G., Christensen, R., Lai, KW. (eds) Second Handbook of Information Technology in Primary and Secondary Education . Springer International Handbooks of Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53803-7_21-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53803-7_21-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-53803-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-53803-7
eBook Packages: Springer Reference EducationReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Education