Skip to main content

The Nature of Childhood in Childhoodnature

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Research Handbook on Childhoodnature

Part of the book series: Springer International Handbooks of Education ((SIHE))

  • 754 Accesses

Abstract

We appeal to nonhuman nature as the standard against which human uses of natural resources should be judged, while childhood is often viewed as a natural state of being that is universal across all settings and children. Yet there is no natural childhood, and nature is a profoundly human construct. I offer this perspective as one way to frame childhoodnature. This chapter explores the fundamental essence of childhood (its nature) and problematizes childhood vis-à-vis nature in order to question the assumptions with which we articulate our world. Integrated into this chapter are memoirs of my life as a child and a scholar. A systems approach draws attention to the networks of power and privilege that shape the physical as well as lived realities of children. Children’s drawings from different countries are presented to highlight how visual, written, and unspoken narratives normalize culturally based ideas of people-place relationships. They reveal children’s connections to the environment and help us understand not only what children are thinking, but also what they are being taught to think. Recognizing the nature of childhood in childhoodnature is to confront this reality.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aitken, S. C. (2001). Geographies of young people. New York, NY: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baader, M. S. (2016). Tracing and contextualizing childhood agency and generational order from historical and systematic perspectives. In F. Esser, M. S. Baader, T. Betz, & B. Hungerland (Eds.), Reconceptualising agency and childhood (pp. 135–149). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barab, S. A., & Roth, W.-M. (2006). Curriculum-based ecosystems: Supporting knowing from an ecological perspective. Educational Researcher, 35(5), 3–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barratt Hacking, E., Barratt, R., & Scott, W. (2007). Engaging children: Research issues around participation and environmental learning. Environmental Education Research, 13(4), 529–544.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barton, K. S. (2012). Colorado’s millennial generation: Youth perceptions and experiences of nature. Journal of Geography, 111(6), 213–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bavidge, J. (2006). Stories in space: The geographies of children’s literature. Children’s Geographies, 4(3), 319–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baylina, M., Guitart, A. O., & Ferret, M. P. (2011). Children living in the city: Gendered experiences and desires in Spain and Mexico. In L. Holt (Ed.), Geographies of children, youth and families (pp. 153–166). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonnett, M. (1999). Education for sustainable development: A coherent philosophy for environmental education. Cambridge Journal of Education, 29(3), 313–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Capra, F. (1995). Deep ecology: A new paradigm. In G. Sessions (Ed.), Deep ecology for the twenty-first century (pp. 19–25). Boston, MA: Shambala.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chawla, L. (2002). Spots of time: Manifold ways of being in nature in childhood. In P. H. Kahn Jr. & S. R. Kellert (Eds.), Children and nature (pp. 199–226). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, C., & Stroup, W. (1993). General system theory: Toward a conceptual framework for science and technology education. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 2, 447–459.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cronon, W. (1996). In search of nature. In W. Cronon (Ed.), Uncommon ground (pp. 23–56). New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Co.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, J. (2009). Revealing the research ‘hole’ of early childhood education for sustainability: A preliminary survey of the literature. Environmental Education Research, 15(2), 227–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dewey, J. (1990). The school and society. The child and curriculum. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dewey, J. (2000). Experience and nature. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and social change. Cambridge: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foucault, M. (1972). The archaeology of knowledge and the discourse on language. New York: Pantheon Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gill, T. (2008). Space-oriented children’s policy: Creating child-friendly communities to improve children’s Well-being. Children and Society, 22(2), 136–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giroux, H. A. (1992). Border crossings. New York, NY: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hajer, M. A. (2000). The politics of environmental discourse. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayward, B. (2012). Children, citizenship and environment. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holloway, S. L., & Valentine, G. (2000). Children’s geographies and the new social study of childhood. In S. L. Holloway & G. Valentine (Eds.), Children’s geographies (pp. 1–22). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, O. (2002). Naturally not! Childhood, the urban and romanticism. Human Ecology Review, 9(2), 17–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lather, P. (2009). Against empathy, voice and authenticity. In A. Y. Jackson & L. A. Mazzei (Eds.), Voice in Qualitative Inquiry: Challenging Conventional, Interpretive and Critical Conceptions in Qualitative Research (pp. 17–26). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahn, P. H., Jr. (2002). Children’s affiliations with nature: Structure, development and the problem of environmental generational amnesia. In P. H. Kahn Jr. & S. R. Kellert (Eds.), Children and nature (pp. 93–116). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kellert, S. R. (1993). The biological basis for human values of nature. In S. R. Kellert & E. O. Wilson (Eds.), The biophilia hypothesis (pp. 42–72). Washington, DC: Island Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kellert, S. R. (2002). Experiencing nature: Affective, cognitive, and evaluative development in children. In P. H. Kahn Jr. & S. R. Kellert (Eds.), Children and nature (pp. 117–152). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kong, L. (2000). Nature’s dangers, nature’s pleasures: Urban children and the natural world. In S. L. Holloway & G. Valentine (Eds.), Children’s geographies (pp. 222–233). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kopnina, H. (2012). Education for sustainable development: The turn away from ‘environment’ in environmental education? Environmental Education Research, 18(5), 699–717.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Louv, R. (2005). Last child in the woods. Chapel Hill, NC: Algonquin Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malone, K. (2007). The bubble-wrap generation: Children growing up in walled gardens. Environmental Education Research, 13(4), 513–427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martz, C. (2017). Denver urban children’s experience of a natural place outside the city. Unpublished Master’s thesis, department of geography. In University of Denver.

    Google Scholar 

  • Massey, D. (2013). World city. Cambridge: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, H., & Limb, C. (1999). Defining and agenda for the geography of children: Review and prospect. Progress in Human Geography, 23(1), 61–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McEwan, C., & Goodman, M. (2010). Place geography and the ethics of care: Introductory remarks on the geographies of ethics, responsibility and care. Ethics, Place and Environment, 13(2), 103–112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mergen, B. (2003). Children and nature. Environmental History, 8, 643–669.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Piaget, J. (1969). Science of education and the psychology of the child. Harlow: Longman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Proctor, J. D. (1996). Whose nature? The contested moral terrain of ancient forests. In W. Cronon (Ed.), Uncommon ground (pp. 269–297). New York: W.W. Norton & Co.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shepardson, D., Wee, B., Priddy, M., & Harbor, J. (2007). Students mental models of the environment. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 44(2), 327–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simon, G., Wee, B., Chin, A., DePierre, A., Guth, D., & Mason, H. (2013). Synthesis for the interdisciplinary environmental sciences: Integrating systems approaches and service learning. Journal of College Science Teaching, 42(5), 42–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skelton, T., & Hamed, N. A. (2011). Adult anxieties versus young people’s resistance: Negotiating access to public space in Singapore. In L. Holt (Ed.), Geographies of children, youth and families (pp. 203–220). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spyrou, S. (2016). Troubling children’s voices in research. In F. Esser, M. S. Baader, T. Betz, & B. Hungerland (Eds.), Reconceptualising agency and childhood (pp. 105–118). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stevenson, R. B. (2007). Schooling and environmental education: Contradictions in purpose and practice. Environmental Education Research, 13(2), 139–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomson, S. (2007). Do’s and don’ts: Children’s experiences of the primary school playground. Environmental Education Research, 13(4), 487–500.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tuan, Y. (1977). Space and place. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tuan, Y. (1991). Language and the making of place: A narrative-descriptive approach. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 81(4), 684–696.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). (2012). The state of the world’s children: Children in an urban world. New York, NY: UNICEF.

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). (2017). The state of the world’s children: Children in a digital world. New York, NY: UNICEF.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vygotsky, S. L. (1962). Thought and language. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Wee, B. (2009). Understanding children’s connections to the environment in the US and Singapore: Implications for geography educators. Research in Geographic Education, 11(2), 79–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wee, B. (2012). A cross-cultural comparison of children’s everyday ideas: Implications for science teaching and learning. International Journal of Science Education, 34(4), 609–627.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wee, B., Shepardson, D., & Harbor, J. (2006). Multiculturalism in environmental science: A snapshot of Singapore. Multicultural Perspectives, 8(2), 10–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wee, B., & Anthamatten, P. (2014). Using photography to visualize children’s culture of play: A socio-spatial perspective. Geographical Review, 104(1), 87–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wee, B., & Mason, H. (2016). Children’s language about the environment. In H. Kopnina & E. Shoreman-Ouimet (Eds.), Handbook of environmental anthropology (pp. 401–411). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitehouse, H. (2011). Talking up country: Language, natureculture and intercultural in Australian environmental education research. Australian Journal of Environmental Education, 27(1), 56–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whorf, B. (1956). Language, thought and reality. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bryan Wee .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Wee, B. (2018). The Nature of Childhood in Childhoodnature. In: Cutter-Mackenzie, A., Malone, K., Barratt Hacking, E. (eds) Research Handbook on Childhoodnature . Springer International Handbooks of Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51949-4_56-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51949-4_56-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-51949-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-51949-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference EducationReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Education

Publish with us

Policies and ethics