Introduction
Salientia is a superorder of lissamphibians, which includes frogs and toads (order Anura) and the Early Triassic Proanura Triadobatrachus and Czatkobatrachus (Benton 2015). This is the major extant order of the class Amphibia, encompassing more than 7000 species (Frost 2019) with a high morphological diversity. They are distributed all around the globe, except for the poles and most oceanic islands. Salientia synapomorphies (characteristics that are shared by the group, derived from a common ancestral) include: lack of a tail in the adult stage; five to nine presacral vertebrae; postsacral vertebrae (posterior to the pelvis) fused into a bony coccyx; and hind limbs elongated, modified for jumping. Other characteristics of Salientia include: fertilization, often external; eggs laid in water or humid places; aquatic larval stage present in most species; males usually with vocal cords, vocal sac, and a voice (Hickman et al. 2014; Kardong 2015). In this section, we synthesize...
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Folly, M., de Luna-Dias, C. (2019). Salientia Morphology. In: Vonk, J., Shackelford, T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1306-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1306-1
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