Synonyms
Cystic hamartomatous epithelial (gastric) polyp; Elster’s (gland) cyst; FGP; Fundic gland hyperplasia
Definition
Fundic gland polyps (FGPs) are small polyps typically located in the gastric corpus and fundus. Elster et al. first described them as a distinct pathological polyp in 1977. Their characteristic morphology shows cystically dilated glands lined by mucous neck cells, parietal cells, and/or chief cells. FGPs arise in two settings, namely, sporadic and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) syndrome-associated settings. FGPs are among the most common gastric polyps in both sporadic and FAP patients. In comparison to sporadic FGPs, FAP-associated FGPs are more likely to be multiple and to occur at younger age. Sporadic fundic gland polyposis (≥10 FGPs) is occasionally observed in the non-FAP population.
The pathogenesis of FGPs is not well understood. FGPs have formerly been regarded as nonneoplastic lesions, either hamartomatous or hyperplastic/functional in nature. It has...
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References and Further Reading
Abraham, S. C. (2010). Fundic gland polyps: Common and occasionally problematic lesions. Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY), 6(1), 48–51.
Abraham, S. C., Nobukawa, B., Giardiello, F. M., Hamilton, S. R., & Wu, T. T. (2000). Fundic gland polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis: Neoplasms with frequent somatic adenomatous polyposis coli gene alterations. American Journal of Pathology, 157(3), 747–754.
Burt, R. W. (2003). Gastric fundic gland polyps. Gastroenterology, 125(5), 1462–1469.
Jalving, M., Koornstra, J. J., Boersma-van Ek, W., de Jong, S., Karrenbeld, A., Hollema, H., et al. (2003). Dysplasia in fundic gland polyps is associated with nuclear beta-catenin expression and relatively high cell turnover rates. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 38(9), 916–922.
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Li, J., Woods, S. L., Healey, S., et al. (2016). Point Mutations in Exon 1B of APC Reveal Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Proximal Polyposis of the Stomach as a Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Variant. American Journal of Human Genetics, 98(5), 830–842.
Torbenson, M., Lee, J. H., Cruz-Correa, M., Ravich, W., Rastgar, K., Abraham, S. C., et al. (2002). Sporadic fundic gland polyposis: A clinical, histological, and molecular analysis. Modern Pathology, 15(7), 718–723.
Worthley, D. L., Phillips, K. D., Wayte, N., et al. (2012). Gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach (GAPPS): a new autosomal dominant syndrome. Gut, 61(5), 774–779.
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van der Post, C.R.S., Carneiro, F. (2017). Fundic Gland Polyp. In: Carneiro, F., Chaves, P., Ensari, A. (eds) Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1602
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1602
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