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Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract pp 270–272Cite as

Gastric Cardia (Proximal Stomach)

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Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Pathology ((EP))

Synonyms

Proximal stomach

Anatomy

The stomach is divided into four anatomic regions: cardia, fundus, corpus, and antropyloric. The gastric cardia is a narrow, ill-defined region and is not grossly distinctive or sharply demarcated. It represents the area of the mucosa located distal to the anatomic gastroesophageal junction and proximal to the body of the stomach (fundus/corpus) that is composed entirely of oxyntic glands. The cardia is a very short segment (<0.4 cm) of the mucosa that is typically composed of pure mucous glands or mixed mucous and oxyntic glands.

The extent of the cardiac mucosa and even its existence as a component of the normal stomach has been disputed. In many studies an attempt has been performed to delineate the normal histology of the true gastric cardia, using biopsies, resections, or autopsy specimens. Some studies, mainly in adults, reported the presence of gastric cardia in only 50% of the studied population. A significant proportion of patients with...

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References and Further Reading

  • Chandrasoma, P. (2005). Controversies of the cardiac mucosa and Barrett’s oesophagus. Histopathology, 46(4), 361–373.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Hertogh, G., Van Eyken, P., Ectors, N., & Geboes, K. (2005). On the origin of cardiac mucosa: A histological and immunohistochemical study of cytokeratin expression patterns in the developing esophagogastric junction region and stomach. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 11(29), 4490–4496.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Filipe, M. I. (1979). Mucins in the human gastrointestinal epithelium: A review. Investigative & Cell Pathology, 2(3), 195–216.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, Q. (2011). Controversies of cardiac glands in the proximal stomach: A critical review. Journal of Gastroenterology and hepatology, 26(3), 450–455.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Odze, R. D. (2005). Unraveling the mystery of the gastroesophageal junction: A pathologist’s perspective. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 100(8), 1853–1867.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, 9101, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Chella R. S. van der Post & J. Han van Krieken

Authors
  1. Chella R. S. van der Post
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  2. J. Han van Krieken
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chella R. S. van der Post .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine of Porto University, Centro Hospitalar São João and Ipatimup/i3S, Porto, Portugal

    Fátima Carneiro

  2. Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa de Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal

    Paula Chaves

  3. Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal

    Paula Chaves

  4. Department of Pathology, Ankara University Medical School, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey

    Arzu Ensari

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van der Post, C.R.S., van Krieken, J.H. (2017). Gastric Cardia (Proximal Stomach). In: Carneiro, F., Chaves, P., Ensari, A. (eds) Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1568

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1568

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40559-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40560-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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