Introduction
Within the leadership literature and the management literature, two different but more or less mirroring advocacies can be discerned. On the one hand, there is advocacy for true leadership, namely, a form of leadership that expresses emotion and passion and not cool rationality, which is characterized by creativity and the fostering of innovation instead of routine, and that understands quality and value and goes beyond concerns for effectiveness and efficiency. This true type of leadership is contrasted with “mere management” (e.g., Zaleznik 1977; Murray 2010). On the other hand, there is a broad management literature that favors a rational type of management. This literature ranks knowledge higher than intuition and what feels best; it puts proven approaches and predictability over chance and risky trials, and it values problem-solving capacity over soul-searching. Management, in this line, is contrasted with irrational forms of steering and organizing (e.g., Beer 1967;...
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Tholen, B. (2018). Management Versus Leadership. In: Farazmand, A. (eds) Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_2823-1
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