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Textbook of Palliative Care pp 1–20Cite as

Cachexia/Anorexia and Feeding Difficulties

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Abstract

Symptoms related to anorexia (loss of appetite), cachexia (muscle loss and wasting) and dysphagia (reduced ability to eat) are devastating for a person with a palliative illness and their families. They are common, especially as illness advances, and occur in both malignant and nonmalignant illness. Not only do the conditions serve as a visual reminder of the chronic disease, they also affect the psychology governing the social aspects of eating. For many years, anorexia, cachexia and dysphagia as distinct conditions were overlooked by healthcare professionals and researchers as the focus was on the primary chronic illness instead (Fearon et al., Understanding the mechanisms and treatment options in cancer cachexia. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 10(2):90–99, 2013). Clinical research, particularly in the field of cancer cachexia, has gained new insight in the pathogenesis and management of the conditions including anorexia and dysphagia. This chapter will define the conditions and outline the epidemiology, etiology and pathophysiology and assessment and management of these symptoms.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia

    Meera Agar

  2. Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia

    Meera Agar

  3. South Western Sydney Clinical School, School of Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia

    Meera Agar & Valentina Razmovski-Naumovski

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  1. Meera Agar
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  2. Valentina Razmovski-Naumovski
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Correspondence to Meera Agar .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. HammondCare Learning and Research Centre, Greenwich Hospital, Greenwich, New South Wales, Australia

    Roderick Duncan MacLeod

  2. Vrije Universiteit Brussel, VUB-UGent End-of-Life Care Research Grou Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

    Lieve van den Block

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Agar, M., Razmovski-Naumovski, V. (2018). Cachexia/Anorexia and Feeding Difficulties. In: MacLeod, R., van den Block, L. (eds) Textbook of Palliative Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31738-0_16-1

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