Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Textbook of Pediatric Neurosurgery pp 1–34Cite as

Endoscopic Treatment of Hydrocephalus Through Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:

  • 251 Accesses

Abstract

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy has become an essential modality to learn for every physician who’s involved in the management of CSF disorders. A detailed description is given of this treatment modality, starting from its historical background and continuing with modern neuroimaging sequences, new tools and the extensive review of the publications on results in different hydrocephalus etiologies. Technical pitfalls coming from the now over 30 years of its modern era use complete the chapter, leading the reader to better understand correct indications and how to avoid possible related complications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

References

  • Alberti O, Riegel T, Hellwig D, Bertalanffy H (2001) Frameless navigation and endoscopy. J Neurosurg 95:541–543

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Algin O, Ucar M, Ozmen E, Borcek AO, Ozisik P, Ocakoglu G, Tali ET (2015) Assessment of third ventriculostomy patency with the 3D-SPACE technique: a preliminary multicenter research study. Neurosurgery 122(6):1347–1355

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Auer LA, Auer DP (1998) Virtual endoscopy for planning and simulation of minimally invasive neurosurgery. Neurosurgery 43:529–548

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beems T, Grotenhuis JA (2002) Is the success rate of endoscopic third ventriculostomy age dependent? An analysis of the results of third ventriculostomy in young children. Child’s Nerv Syst 18:605–608

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beems T, Grotenhuis JA (2004) Long term complications and definition of failures of neuroendoscopic procedures. Childs Nerv Syst 20:868–877

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bellotti A, Rapana A, Iaccarino C, Schonauer M (2001) Intracranial pressure monitoring after endoscopic third ventriculostomy: an effective method to manage the ‘adaptation period’. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 103:223–227

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beni-Adani L, Bental Y, Ben-Sira L (2004) Does aqueductal stenosis really exist as an independent diagnosis or does it represent an old fetal hemorrhage misdiagnosed on real time fetal US? Childs Nerv Syst 20:663

    Google Scholar 

  • Beuriat PA, Szathmari A, Grassiot B, Plaisant F, Rousselle C, Mottolese C (2016) Role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the management of myelomeningocele-related hydrocephalus: a retrospective study in a single French institution. World Neurosurg 87:484–493

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bhatia R, Tahir M, Chandler CL (2009) The management of hydrocephalus in children with posterior fossa tumours: the role of pre-resectional endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Pediatr Neurosurg 45(3):186–191

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Böschert J, Hellwig D, Krauss JK (2003) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for shunt dysfunction in occlusive hydrocephalus: long-term follow up and review. J Neurosurg 98:1032–1039

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bouros T, Sgouros S (2013) Complications of endoscopic third ventriculostomy. World Neurosurg 79(2S):S22.e9–S22.e12

    Google Scholar 

  • Broggi G, Dones I, Ferroli P, Franzini A, Servello D, Duca S (2000) Image guided neuroendoscopy for third ventriculostomy. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 142:893–899

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burtscher J, Dessl A, Maurer H, Seiwald M, Felber S (1999) Virtual neuroendoscopy, a comparative magnetic resonance and anatomical study. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 42:113–117

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burtscher J, Bale R, Dessl A, Eisner W, Twerdy K, Sweeney RA, Felber S (2002) Virtual endoscopy for planning neuro-endoscopic intraventricular surgery. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 45:24–31

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buxton N, Macarthur D, Mallucci C, Punt J, Vloeberghs M (1998a) Neuroendoscopy in the premature population. Childs Nerv Syst 14:649–652

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buxton N, Macarthur D, Mallucci C, Punt J, Vloeberghts M (1998b) Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients less than 1 year old. Pediatr Neurosurg 29:73–76

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buxton N, Turner B, Ramli N, Vloeberghs M (2002) Changes in third ventricular size with neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy: a blinded study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 72:385–387

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Buxton N, Macarthur D, Robertson I, Punt J (2003) Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy for failed shunts. Surg Neurol 60:193–200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cavallo LM, Di Somma A, Solari D, de Divitiis O, Bracale UM, Cappabianca P (2016) Preliminary experience with a new multidirectional videoendoscope for neuroendoscopic surgical procedures. PLoS One 11(1):e0147524

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cinalli G (1999) Alternatives to shunting. Childs Nerv Syst 15:718–731

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cinalli G (2004) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy. In: Cinalli G, Maixner WJ, Sainte-Rose C (eds) Pediatric hydrocephalus. Springer, Milan, pp 361–388

    Google Scholar 

  • Cinalli G, Salazar C, Mallucci C, Yada JZ, Zerah M, Sainte-Rose C (1998) The role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the management of shunt malfunction. Neurosurgery 43:1323–1329

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cinalli G, Sainte-Rose C, Chumas P, Zerah M, Brunelle F, Lot G, Pierre-Khan A, Renier D (1999) Failure of third ventriculostomy in the treatment of aqueductal stenosis in children. J Neurosurg 90:448–454

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cinalli G, Spennato P, Cianciulli E, D’Armiento M (2004a) Hydrocephalus and aqueductal stenosis. In: Cinalli G, Meixner W, Sainte-Rose C (eds) Pediatric hydrocephalus. Springer, Milan, pp 279–294

    Google Scholar 

  • Cinalli G, Spennato P, Del Basso De Caro ML, Buonocore MC (2004b) Hydrocephalus and the Dandy-Walker malformation. In: Cinalli G, Meixner W, Sainte-Rose C (eds) Pediatric hydrocephalus. Springer, Milan, pp 279–294

    Google Scholar 

  • Dandy WE (1918) Extirpation of the choroid plexuses of the lateral and fourth ventricle in communicating hydrocephalus. Ann Surg 68:569–579

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Dandy WE (1922) An operative procedure for hydrocephalus. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 33:189–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Decq P (2004) Endoscopic anatomy of the ventricles. In: Cinalli G, Maixner WJ, Saint-Rose C (eds) Pediatric hydrocephalus. Springer, Milan, pp 351–359

    Google Scholar 

  • Decq P, Le Guerinel C, Palfi S, Djindjian M, Kéravel Y, Nguyen J (2000) A new device for endoscopic third ventriculostomy. J Neurosurg 93:509–512

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Di X, Ragab M, Luciano MG (2009) Cine phase-contrast MR images failed to predict clinical outcome following ETV. Can J Neurol Sci 36(5):643–647

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Ribaupierre S, Rilliet B, Vernet O, Regli L, Villemure JG (2007) Third ventriculostomy vs ventriculoperitoneal shunt in pediatric obstructive hydrocephalus: results from a Swiss series and literature review. Childs Nerv Syst 23(5):527–533

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Diaz RJ, Girgis FM, Hamiltonn MG (2014) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for hydrocephalus due to tectal glioma. Can J Neurol Sci 41(4):476–481

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dinçer A, Yildiz E, Kohan S, Memet Özek M (2011) Analysis of endoscopic third ventriculostomy patency by MRI: value of different pulse sequences, the sequence parameters, and the imaging planes for investigation of flow void. Childs Nerv Syst 27(1):127–135

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Duffner F, Shiffbauer H, Glenser D, Skalej M, Freudenstein D (2003) Anatomy of the cerebral ventricular system for endoscopic neurosurgery: a magnetic resonance study. Acta Neurochir 145:359–368

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Durnford AJ, Kirkham FJ, Mathad N, Sparrow OC (2011) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of childhood hydrocephalus: validation of a success score that predicts long-term outcome. J Neurosurg Pediatr 8(5):489–493

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El Beltagy MA, Kamal HM, Taha H, Awad M, El Khateeb N (2010) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy before tumor surgery in children with posterior fossa tumors, CCHE experience. Childs Nerv Syst 26(12):1699–1704

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Elbabaa SK, Gildehaus AM, Pierson MJ, Albers JA, Vlastos EJ (2017) First 60 fetal in-utero myelomeningocele repairs at Saint Louis Fetal Care Institute in the post-MOMS trial era: hydrocephalus treatment outcomes (endoscopic third ventriculostomy versus ventriculo-peritoneal shunt). Childs Nerv Syst 33(7):1157–1168

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El-Gaidi MA, El-Nasr AH, Eissa EM (2015) Infratentorial complications following preresection CSF diversion in children with posterior fossa tumors. J Neurosurg Pediatr 15(1):4–11

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El-Ghandour NM (2011) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy versus ventriculoperitoneal shunt in the treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus due to posterior fossa tumors in children. Childs Nerv Syst 27(1):117–126

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Etus V, Morali Guler T, Karabagli H (2016) Third ventricle floor variations and abnormalities in myelomeningocele associated hydrocephalus: an experience in 455 endoscopic third ventriculostomy procedures. Turk Neurosurg

    Google Scholar 

  • Feng H, Huang G, Liao X, Fu K, Tab H, Pu H, Cheng Y, Liu W, Zhao D (2004) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the management of obstructive hydrocephalus: an outcome analysis. J Neurosurg 100:626–633

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Foroutan M, Mafee MF, Dujovny M (1998) Third ventriculostomy, phase-contrast cine MRI and endoscopic techniques. Neurol Res 20:443–448

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frazee JG, Shah AS (1998) Interactive surgery and telepresence. In: King W, Frazee J, De Salles A (eds) Endoscopy of the central and peripheral nervous system. Thieme, New York, pp 243–251

    Google Scholar 

  • Fritsch MJ, Mehdorn HM (2003) Indication and controversies for endoscopic third ventriculostomy in children. Childs Nerv Syst 19:706–707

    Google Scholar 

  • Fritsch MJ, Dorner L, Kienke S, Claviez A, Mehdorn HM (2004) Indication for endoscopic third ventriculostomy in children with posterior fossa tumors. Childs Nerv Syst 20:668

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fukuhara T, Vorster SJ, Luciano MG (2000) Risk factors for failure of endoscopic third ventriculostomy for obstructive hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery 46:1100–1111

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fukuhara T, Luciano MG, Kowalski RJ (2002) Clinical features of third ventriculostomy failures classified by fenestration patency. Surg Neurol 58:102–110

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fukushima T, Ishijima B, Hirakaw K, Nakamura N, Samo K (1973) Ventriculofiberscope: a new technique for endoscopic diagnosis and operation. J Neurosurg 38:251–256

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gallo P, Szathmari A, De Biasi S, Mottolese C (2010) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in obstructive infantile hydrocephalus: remarks about the so-called ‘unsuccessful cases’. Pediatr Neurosurg 46(6):435–441

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gangemi M, Mascari C, Maiuri F, Godano U, Donati P, Longatti PL (2007) Long-term outcome of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in obstructive hydrocephalus. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 50(5):265–269

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goh KYC, Abbott R (2000) Is endoscopic third ventriculostomy of benefit in tumour related aqueductal stenosis? Childs Nerv Syst 16:127–128

    Google Scholar 

  • Grunert P, Perneczki A, Resch K (1994) Endoscopic procedures through the foramen of Monro under stereotactic conditions. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 37:2–8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grunert P, Charalampaki P, Hopf N, Filippi R (2003) The role of third ventriculostomy in the management of obstructive hydrocephalus. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 46:16–21

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guiot G (1973) Ventriculo-cisternostomy for stenosis of aqueduct of Silvius. Puncture of the floor of the third ventricle with a leucotome under television control. Acta Neurochir 28:275–289

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hecht J (1999) City of light: the story of fiber optics. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill A, Volpe J (1981) Seizures, hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, and intraventricular hemorrhage in the newborn. Ann Neurol 10:109–121

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hirsch JF, Pierre-Kahn A, Renier D, Sainte-Rose C, Hoppe-Hirsch E (1984) The Dandy-Walker malformation. A review of forty cases. J Neurosurg 61:512–522

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman HJ, Harwood-Nash D, Gilday DL, Craven MA (1980) Percutaneous third ventriculostomy in the management of non-communicating hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery 7:313–321

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hopf NJ, Grunert P, Darabi K, Busert C, Bettag M (1999a) Frameless neuronavigation applied to endoscopic neurosurgery. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 42:187–193

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hopf NJ, Grunert P, Fries G, Resch KDM, Perneczky A (1999b) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy: outcome analysis of 100 consecutive procedures. Neurosurgery 44:795–806

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Horowitz M, Ramzipoor K, Mair A, Miller S, Rappard G, Spiro R, Purdy P (2003) Experimental third ventriculostomy performed using endovascular surgical techniques and their adaptation to percutaneous intradural neuronavigation: proof of concept cadaver study. Neurosurgery 53:387–392

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Javadpour M, Mallucci C, Brodbelt A, Golash A, May P (2001) The impact of endoscopic third ventriculostomy on the management of newly diagnosed hydrocephalus in infants. Pediatr Neurosurg 35:131–135

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Javadpour M, May P, Mallucci C (2003) Sudden death secondary to delayed closure of endoscopc third ventriculostomy. Br J Neurosurg 17:266–269

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jodicke A, Berthold LD, Scharbrodt W, Schroth I, Reiss I, Neubauer BA, Boker DK (2003) Endoscopic surgical anatomy of the paediatric third ventricle studied using virtual neuroendoscopy based on 3-D ultrasonography. Childs Nerv Syst 19:325–331

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jones FRC, Stening WA, Brydon M (1990) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Neurosurgery 26:86–92

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jones RFC, Kwok BCT, Stening WA, Vonau M (1994) The current status of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the management of non-communicating hydrocephalus. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 37:28–36

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kamikawa S, Inui A, Tamaki N, Kobayashi N, Yamadori T (2001a) Application of flexible neuroendoscope to intracerebroventricular arachnoid cyst in children – use of videoscope. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 44:186–189

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kamikawa S, Inui A, Kobayashi N, Kuwamura K, Kasuga M, Yamadori T, Tamaki N (2001b) Endoscopic treatment of hydrocephalus in children: a controlled study using newly developed Yamadori-type ventriculoscopes. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 44:25–30

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim SK, Wang KC, Cho BK (2000) Surgical outcome of pediatric hydrocephalus treated by endoscopic III ventriculostomy: prognostic factors and interpretation of postoperative neuroimaging. Childs Nerv Syst 16:161–169

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kulkarni AV, Sgouros S, Constantini S (2016a) IIHS investigators. International Infant Hydrocephalus Study: initial results of a prospective, multicenter comparison of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and shunt for infant hydrocephalus. Childs Nerv Syst 32(6):1039–1048

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kulkarni AV, Riva-Cambrin J, Holubkov R, Browd SR, Cochrane DD, Drake JM, Limbrick DD, Rozzelle CJ, Simon TD, Tamber MS, Wellons JC 3rd, Whitehead WE, Kestle JR, Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network (2016b) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in children: prospective, multicenter results from the Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network. J Neurosurg Pediatr 18(4):423–429

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lam S, Harris D, Rocque BG, Ham SA (2014) Pediatric endoscopic third ventriculostomy: a population-based study. J Neurosurg Pediatr 14(5):455–464

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lucic MA, Koprivsek K, Kozic D, Spero M, Spirovski M, Lucic S (2014) Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of endoscopic third ventriculostomy patency with differently acquired fast imaging with steady-state precession sequences. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 14(3):165–170

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Macarthur DC, Buxton N, Vloeberghs M, Punt J (2001) The effectiveness of neuroendoscopic interventions in children with brain tumors. Childs Nerv Syst 17:589–594

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marton E, Feletti A, Basaldella L, Longatti P (2010) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in previously shunted children: a retrospective study. Childs Nerv Syst 26(7):937–943

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McCoy MR, Klausner F, Weymayr F, Georg L, Broussalis E, Golaszewski SM, Emich S, Steinbacher J, Al-Shameri AR (2013) Aqueductal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and anatomical configuration of the cerebral aqueduct (AC) in patients with communicating hydrocephalus–the trumpet sign. Eur J Radiol 82(4):664–670

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mixter WJ (1923) Ventriculoscopy and puncture of the floor of the third floor. Preliminary report of a case. Boston Med Surg J 1:277–278

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohanty A (2003) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy with cystoventricular stent placement in the management of Dandy-Walker malformation: technical case report of three patients. Neurosurgery 53:1223–1229

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mori H, Nishiyama K, Tanaka R (2003) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in shunt malfunction and slit-ventricle syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst 19:690

    Google Scholar 

  • Nobles A (1998) The physics of neuroendoscopic systems and the instrumentation. In: Jimenez DF (ed) Intracranial endoscopic neurosurgery. American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Park Ridge, pp 1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogiwara H, Dipatri AJ Jr, Alden TD, Bowman RM, Tomita T (2010) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for obstructive hydrocephalus in children younger than 6 months of age. Childs Nerv Syst 26(3):343–347

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oppido PA, Fiorindi A, Benvenuti L, Cattani F, Cipri S, Gangemi M, Godano U, Longatti P, Mascari C, Morace E, Tosatto L (2011) Neuroendoscopic biopsy of ventricular tumors: a multicentric experience. Neurosurg Focus 30(4):E2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pavez A, Salazar C, Rivera R, Contreras J, Orellana A, Guzman C, Iribarren O, Hernandez H, Elzo J, Moraga D (2006) Description of endoscopic ventricular anatomy in myelomeningocele. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 49(3):161–167

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peretta P, Ragazzi P, Carlino CF, Gaglini P, Cinalli G (2007) The role of Ommaya reservoir and endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the management of post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus of prematurity. Childs Nerv Syst 23(7):765–771

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pindrik J, Rocque BG, Arynchyna AA, Johnston JM, Rozzelle CJ (2016) Radiographic markers of clinical outcomes after endoscopic third ventriculostomy with choroid plexus cauterization: cerebrospinal fluid turbulence and choroid plexus visualization. J Neurosurg Pediatr 18(3):287–295

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Pople IK, Athanasiou TC, Sandeman DR, Coakham HB (2001) The role of endoscopic biopsy and third ventriculostomy in the management of pineal region tumours. Br J Neurosurg 15:305–311

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Portillo S, Zuccaro G, Fernandez-Molina A, Houssay A, Sosa F, Konsol O, Jaimovich R, Olivella E, Ledesma J, Guevara M, Ajler G, Picco P (2004) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of pediatric hydrocephalus. A multicentric study. Childs Nerv Syst 20:666–667

    Google Scholar 

  • Putnam TJ (1943) The surgical treatment of infantile hydrocephalus. Surg Gynecol Obst 76:171–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Rappaport ZH, Shalit MN (1989) Perioperative external ventricular drainage in obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to infratentorial brain tumours. Acta Neurochir 96:118–121

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Riegel T, Alberti O, Retsch R, Shiratori V, Hellwig D, Bertalanffy H (2000) Relationships of virtual reality neuroendoscopic simulations to actual imaging. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 43:176–180

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Riegel T, Alberti O, Hellwig D, Bertalanffy H (2001) Operative management of third ventriculostomy in cases of thickened, non-translucent third ventricular floor: technical note. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 44:65–69

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Riegel T, Freudenstein D, Alberti O, Duffner F, Hellwig D, Bartel V, Bertalanffy H (2002) Novel multipurpose bipolar instrument for endoscopic neurosurgery. Neurosurgery 51:270–274

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rieger A, Rainov NG, Brucke M, Marx T, Holz C (2000) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy is the treatment of choice for obstructive hydrocephalus due to pediatric pineal tumors. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 43:83–86

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rohde V, Krombach GA, Struffert T, Gilsbach JM (2001) Virtual MRI endoscopy: detection of anomalies of the ventricular anatomy and its possible role as a presurgical planning tool for endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Acta Neurochir 143:1085–1091

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roth J, Constantini S (2015) Combined rigid and flexible endoscopy for tumors in the posterior third ventricle. J Neurosurg 122(6):1341–1346

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ruggiero C, Cinalli G, Spennato P, Aliberti F, Cianciulli E, Trischitta V, Maggi G (2004) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of hydrocephalus in posterior fossa tumors in children. Childs Nerv Syst 20:828–833

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sacko O, Boetto S, Lauwers-Cances V, Dupuy M, Roux FE (2010) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy: outcome analysis in 368 procedures. J Neurosurg Pediatr 5(1):68–74

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sainte-Rose C (2004) Hydrocephalus in pediatric patients with posterior fossa tumours. In: Cinalli G, Meixner W, Sainte-Rose C (eds) Pediatric hydrocephalus. Springer, Milan, pp 155–162

    Google Scholar 

  • Sainte-Rose C, Cinalli G, Roux FE, Maixner V, Chumas PD, Mansour M, Carpentier A, Bourgeois M, Zerah M, Pierre-Kahn A, Renier D (2001) Management of hydrocephalus in pediatric patients with posterior fossa tumors: the role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy. J Neurosurg 95:791–797

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salvador SF, Oliveira J, Pereira J, Barros H, Vaz R (2014) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the management of hydrocephalus: outcome analysis of 168 consecutive procedures. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 126:130–136

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sasagawa Y, Akai T, Nakada S, Minato H, Tachibana O, Nojima T, Iizuka H (2014) Narrow band imaging-guided endoscopic biopsy for intraventricular and paraventricular brain tumors: clinical experience with 14 cases. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 156(4):681–687

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder HWS, Gaab MR (1999) Intracranial neuroendoscopy. Neurosurg Focus 6(4):Article 1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz TH, Yoon SS, Cutruzzola FW, Goodman RR (1996) Third ventriculostomy: post-operative ventricular size and outcome. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 39:122–129

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz TH, Ho B, Prestigiacomo CJ, Bruce JN, Feldstein NA, Goodman RR (1999) Ventricular volume following third ventriculostomy. J Neurosurg 91:20–25

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shiau JSC, King WA (1998) Neuroendoscopes and instruments. In: Jimenez DF (ed) Intracranial endoscopic neurosurgery. American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Park Ridge, pp 13–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Siomin V, Constantini S (2004) Basic principles and equipment in neuroendoscopy. Neurosurg Clin N Am 15:19–31

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siomin V, Weiner H, Wisoff J, Cinalli G, Pierre-Khan A, Sainte-Rose C, Abbott R, Elran H, Beni-Adani L, Ouaknine G, Constantini S (2001) Repeat endoscopic third ventriculostomy: is it worth trying? Childs Nerv Syst 17:551–555

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siomin V, Cinalli G, Grotenhuis A, Golash A, Oi S, Kothbauer K, Weiner H, Roth J, Beni-Adani L, Pierre-Kahn A, Takahashi M, Mallucci C, Abbott R, Wisoff J, Constantini S (2002) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for patients with cerebrospinal fluid infections and/or hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 97:519–524

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smyth MD, Tubbs RS, Wellons JC 3rd, Oakes WJ, Blount JP, Grabb PA (2003) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for hydrocephalus secondary to central nervous system infection or intraventricular hemorrhage in children. Pediatr Neurosurg 39:258–263

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spennato P, Tazi S, Bekaert O, Cinalli G, Decq P (2013) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for idiopathic aqueductal stenosis. World Neurosurg. 79(2 Suppl):S21.e13–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Stellato TA (1992) History of laparoscopic surgery. Surg Clin North Am 72:997–1002

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stone SS, Warf BC (2014) Combined endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization as primary treatment for infant hydrocephalus: a prospective North American series. J Neurosurg Pediatr 14(5):439–446

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sufianov AA, Sufianova GZ, Iakimov IA (2010) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients younger than 2 years: outcome analysis of 41 hydrocephalus cases. J Neurosurg Pediatr 5(4):392–401

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tamburrini G, Caldarelli M, Massimi L, Ramirez-Reyes G, Di Rocco C (2004) Primary and secondary third ventriculostomy in children with hydrocephalus and myelomeningocele. Childs Nerv Syst 20:666

    Google Scholar 

  • Tamburrini G, Pettorini BL, Massimi L, Caldarelli M, Di Rocco C (2008) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy: the best option in the treatment of persistent hydrocephalus after posterior cranial fossa tumour removal? Childs Nerv Syst 24(12):1405–1412

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tamburrini G, Frassanito P, Bianchi F, Massimi L, Di Rocco C, Caldarelli M (2015) Closure of endoscopic third ventriculostomy after surgery for posterior cranial fossa tumor: the “snow globe effect”. Br J Neurosurg 29(3):386–389

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tamura Y, Yamada Y, Tucker A, Ukita T, Tsuji M, Miyake H, Kuroiwa T (2013) Endoscopic surgery for hemorrhagic pineal cyst following antiplatelet therapy: case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 53(9):625–629

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teo C, Jones R (1996) Management of hydrocephalus by endoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients with myelomeningocele. Pediatr Neurosurg 25:57–63

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tirakotai W, Bozinov O, Sure U, Riegel T, Bertalanffy H, Hellwig D (2004) The evolution of stereotactic guidance in neuroendoscopy. Childs Nerv Syst 20:790–795

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tisell M, Almstrom O, Stephensen H, Tullberg M, Wikkelso C (2000) How effective is endoscopic third ventriculostomy in treating adult hydrocephalus caused by primary aqueductal stenosis? Neurosurgery 46:104–110

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tuli S, Alshail E, Drake JM (1999) Third ventriculostomy versus cerebrospinal fluid shunt as a first procedure in pediatric hydrocephalus. Pediatr Neurosurg 30:11–15

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ucar M, Tokgoz N, Damar C, Alimli AG, Oncu F (2015) Diagnostic performance of heavily T2-weighted techniques in obstructive hydrocephalus: comparison study of two different 3D heavily T2-weighted and conventional T2-weighted sequences. Jpn J Radiol 33(2):94–101

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vandertop WP, Verdaasdonk RM, Van Swol CFP (1998) Laser assisted neuroendoscopy using a neodymium-yttrium aluminium garnet or diode contact laser with pretreated fiber tips. J Neurosurg 88:82–92

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vries J (1978) An endoscopic technique for third ventriculostomy. Surg Neurol 9:165–168

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner W, Koch D (2004) Why does third ventriculostomy fail more often in infants? Childs Nerv Syst 20:666

    Google Scholar 

  • Warf BC (2005a) Hydrocephalus in Uganda: the predominance of infectious origin and primary management with endoscopic third ventriculostomy. J Neurosurg 102(1 Suppl):1–15

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Warf BC (2005b) Comparison of endoscopic third ventriculostomy alone and combined with choroid plexus cauterization in infants younger than 1 year of age: a prospective study in 550 African children. J Neurosurg 103(6 Suppl):475–481

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Warf BC (2011) Hydrocephalus associated with neural tube defects: characteristics, management, and outcome in sub-Saharan Africa. Childs Nerv Syst 27(10):1589–1594

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Warf BC, Campbell JW (2008) Combined endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization as primary treatment of hydrocephalus for infants with myelomeningocele: long-term results of a prospective intent-to-treat study in 115 East African infants. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2(5):310–316

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Warf BC, Mugamba J, Kulkarni AV (2010) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of childhood hydrocephalus in Uganda: report of a scoring system that predicts success. J Neurosurg Pediatr 5(2):143–148

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Warf BC, Campbell JW, Riddle E (2011) Initial experience with combined endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization for post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus of prematurity: the importance of prepontine cistern status and the predictive value of FIESTA MRI imaging. Childs Nerv Syst 27(7):1063–1071

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Woo P (2016) 4K video-laryngoscopy and video-stroboscopy: preliminary findings. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 125(1):77–81

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zandian A, Haffner M, Johnson J, Rozzelle CJ, Tubbs S, Loukas M (2014) Endoscopic third ventriculostomy with/without choroid plexus cauterization for hydrocephalus due to hemorrhage, infection, Dandy–Walker malformation, and neural tube defect: a meta-analysis. Childs Nerv Syst 30:571–578

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao C, Yang J, Gan Y, Liu J, Tan Z, Liang G, Meng X, Sun L, Cao W (2015) Application of MR virtual endoscopy in children with hydrocephalus. Magn Reson Imaging 33(10):1205–1211

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Neurosurgery, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy

    G. Tamburrini

Authors
  1. G. Tamburrini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to G. Tamburrini .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. International Neuroscience Institute, Hannover, Germany

    Concezio Di Rocco

  2. Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, California, USA

    Dachling Pang

  3. University of Toronto Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    James T. Rutka

Section Editor information

  1. International Neuroscience Institute, Hannover, Germany

    Concezio Di Rocco

  2. Pediatric Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy

    Gianpiero Tamburrini

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Tamburrini, G. (2018). Endoscopic Treatment of Hydrocephalus Through Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy. In: Di Rocco, C., Pang, D., Rutka, J. (eds) Textbook of Pediatric Neurosurgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31512-6_35-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31512-6_35-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-31512-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-31512-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation