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Pediatric Hypertension pp 565–580Cite as

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertension

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Abstract

Sleep is a vital physiologic phenomenon that involves multiple processes such as regulation of breathing during sleep. In children, sleep-disordered breathing results in daytime impairment, cognitive-behavioral problems, as well as cardiovascular effects. The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and systemic hypertension (HTN) is not well defined in children. There is growing evidence to suggest an association between these two conditions, particularly when blood pressure is measured during sleep, and even long-term follow-up data regarding OSA and BP in youth. There is also some evidence suggesting an independent effect of OSA on left ventricular geometry changes which has been shown to improve after treatment of OSA. Certainly, obesity is a factor in the associations between OSA, HTN, and left ventricular geometry changes. The interaction and causal relationship is still unknown, but recent studies are adding to the literature to inform this interaction. Therefore, the National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group recommends screening for OSA as a comorbid condition in children with HTN.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine Section, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA

    Amee A. Patel

  2. Department of Pediatrics Renal Section, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children’s Hospital, 1102 Bates Avenue, Ste 245, 77030, Houston, TX, USA

    Alisa A. Acosta

Authors
  1. Amee A. Patel
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  2. Alisa A. Acosta
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amee A. Patel .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Seattle Children’s Hospital Division of Nephrology, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn

  2. Division of Nephrology MassGeneral for Children at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA

    Julie R. Ingelfinger

  3. St. Luke’s Health System, Children’s Nephrology and Hypertension, Boise, ID, USA

    Karen M. Redwine

Section Editor information

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn MD, MS

  2. Division of Nephrology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way, NE, 98105, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn MD, MS

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Patel, A.A., Acosta, A.A. (2018). Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertension. In: Flynn, J., Ingelfinger, J., Redwine, K. (eds) Pediatric Hypertension. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31107-4_27

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31107-4_27

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-31106-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-31107-4

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