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Mixed and Unclassified Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors of the Testis

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Encyclopedia of Pathology

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Pathology ((EP))

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Definition

Mixed and unclassified sex cord-stromal tumors are neoplasms with indeterminate differentiation or containing randomly mixed Leydig, Sertoli, and granulosa cells. Although mixed and unclassified are listed separately by the WHO 2016 classification, many experts argue that they can hardly be distinguished from each other.

Clinical Features

  • Incidence

    Both tumors are rare.

  • Age

    They occur in middle-aged to elderly men occurring as testicular swelling. Approximately, one-third of cases, however, present in children (Ulbright and Young 2013; Roth et al. 2017).

  • Sex

    Male.

  • Site

    Testis.

  • Treatment

    Orchiectomy.

  • Outcome

    Occasional tumors in each category may be malignant.

Macroscopy

Grossly the tumor is well circumscribed and yellowish white.

Microscopy

The unclassified tumors have variable component of epithelial cells of sex cord type with pattern that do not address to subclassification as Sertoli or Leydig or granulosa cell tumor (Fig. 1). Mixed forms have recognizable subtypes in...

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References and Further Reading

  • Renshaw, A. A., Gordon, M., & Corless, C. L. (1997). Immunohistochemistry of unclassified sex cord-stromal tumors of the testis with a predominance of spindle cells. Modern Pathology, 10(7), 693–700.

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  • Roth, L. M., Lyu, B., & Cheng, L. (2017). Perspectives on testicular sex cord-stromal tumors and those composed of both germ cells and sex cord-stromal derivatives with a comparison to corresponding ovarian neoplasms. Human Pathology, 65, 1–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ulbright, T. M., & Young, R. H. (2013). Tumors of the testis and adjacent structures. Silver Spring: American Registry of Pathology.

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  • Ulbright, T. M., Srigley, J. R., Reuter, V. E., Wojno, K., Roth, L. M., & Young, R. H. (2000). Sex cord-stromal tumors of the testis with entrapped germ cells: A lesion mimicking unclassified mixed germ cell sex cord-stromal tumors. American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 24(4), 535–542.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Young, R. H., & Talerman, A. (1987). Testicular tumors other than germ cell tumors. Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology, 4(4), 342–360.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Uropathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy

    Maurizio Colecchia

  2. Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy

    Alessia Bertolotti

Authors
  1. Maurizio Colecchia
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  2. Alessia Bertolotti
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maurizio Colecchia .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. NIJMEGEN, The Netherlands

    J.H.J.M. van Krieken

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Colecchia, M., Bertolotti, A. (2019). Mixed and Unclassified Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors of the Testis. In: van Krieken, J. (eds) Encyclopedia of Pathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_4848-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_4848-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-28845-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-28845-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine

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