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Schmader, Toni

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Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences
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Toni Schmader holds a Canada Research Chair in Social Psychology at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. She is a personality-social psychologist with expertise in social stigma, stereotyping and prejudice, and emotion and self-regulation.

Early Life and Educational Background

Schmader was born on March 31, 1972, in Lucinda, Pennsylvania, a rural town of just 2000 people. She earned her BA in Psychology at Washington and Jefferson College in 1994. After spending 1 year in the PhD program in Social Psychology at the State University of New York at Buffalo, Schmader transferred to the University of California, Santa Barbara, to complete her doctorate in 1999 under the supervision of Brenda Major. She has held visiting appointments at Harvard University and the University of Aix-Marseille.

Professional Career

Schmader joined the faculty in the Department of Psychology at the University of Arizona in 1999 and was awarded tenure in 2005. In 2009, she moved north to...

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Selected Bibliography

  • Croft, A., Schmader, T., & Block, K. (2015). An unexamined inequality: Cultural origins and psychological barriers contributing to men’s underrepresentation in communal roles. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 19, 343–370.

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  • Inzlicht, M., & Schmader, T. (Eds.). (2012). Stereotype threat: Theory, process, and application. New York: Oxford University Press.

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  • Lickel, B., Steele, R., & Schmader, T. (2011). Group-based shame and guilt: Emerging directions in research. Personality and Social Psychology Compass, 5, 153–163.

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  • Lickel, B., Kushlev, K., Savalei, V., Matta, S., & Schmader, T. (2014). Shame and the motivation to change the self. Emotion, 14, 1049–1061.

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  • Schmader, T., & Johns, M. (2003). Convergent evidence that stereotype threat reduces working memory capacity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 440–452.

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  • Schmader, T., Major, B., Eccleston, C. P., & McCoy, S. K. (2001). Devaluing domains in response to threatening intergroup comparisons: Perceived legitimacy and the status value asymmetry. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 782–796.

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  • Schmader, T., Johns, M., & Forbes, C. (2008). An integrated process model of stereotype threat effects on performance. Psychological Review, 115, 336–356.

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Correspondence to Toni Schmader .

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Schmader, T. (2016). Schmader, Toni. In: Zeigler-Hill, V., Shackelford, T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_329-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_329-1

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