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Tumor-like Parasitic Lesions of the Hepatobiliary Tract: Liver Flukes and Other Trematodes

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Book cover Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions of the Hepatobiliary Tract

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Abstract

Tumor-like parasitic lesions and hepatobiliary cancers can be induced by several species of liver flukes. Fascioliasis is an infestation of the biliary tract by the common liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, and by Fasciola gigantica. Liver flukes are an important cause of ruminant disease in Europe, Africa, and Latin America. Fasciola has a complex life cycle involving a distinct developmental stage in aquatic snails. Metacercariae released from snails are ingested by ruminants and humans who eat uncooked aquatic food such as watercress. Infestation of the human biliary tract by Fasciola results in a chronic, often severe and fibrosing cholangitis, sometimes ending up in hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor. Rarely, fascioliasis results in the formation of huge and multilocular lesions, mimicking hydatid disease. Clonorchiasis denotes an infestation with the oriental liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis. Infestation rate is high in certain regions of East Asia and is associated with increased risk for cholangiocarcinoma. Species of the trematode genus Opisthorchis cause the zoonotic parasitic disease, opisthorchiasis, mainly involving O. viverrini and O. felineus. Similar to clonorchiasis, this parasitosis causes chronic bile duct inflammation, abnormal hyperregeneration of epithelia, and association with cholangiocarcinoma.

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    Arthur Zimmermann

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Zimmermann, A. (2016). Tumor-like Parasitic Lesions of the Hepatobiliary Tract: Liver Flukes and Other Trematodes. In: Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions of the Hepatobiliary Tract. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26587-2_133-1

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