Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Encyclopedia of GIS pp 1–12Cite as

3D Indoor Models and Their Applications

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:

Definition

Indoor environments are often referred as to enclosed spaces. However, the general definition of space can already indicate that a space can be bounded. Wordnet (http://wordnet.priceton.edu) defines space as “an empty areas usually bounded in some way between things.” Specialized ontologies such as OmniClass (http://www.omniclass.org, a classification for architecture, engineering, and construction in North America) distinguish between spaces by form and spaces by function. “Spaces by form are basic units of the built environment delineated by physical or abstract boundaries and characterized by physical form.” “Spaces by function are basic units of the built environment delineated by physical or abstract boundaries and characterized by their function.” The spaces can be both 2D and 3D. For example, space by form can be a 3D room or a 2D walking path. An interesting example is a wall (interior, exterior), which is considered a space by function, which implies that spaces...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Recommended Reading

  • Afyouni I, Ray C, Claramunt C (2012) Spatial models for context-aware indoor navigation systems: a survey. J Spat Inf Sci 4:85–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Azri S, Isikdag U, Abdul-Rahman A (2012) Automatic generation of 3D indoor models: current state of the art and new approaches. In: Proceedings of international workshop on geoinformation advances, Malaysia

    Google Scholar 

  • Bandi S, Thalmann D (1998) Space discretization for efficient human navigation. Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 11 (3), pp. 195–206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Becker T, Nagel C, Kolbe TH (2008) A multilayered space-event model for navigation in indoor spaces. In: Lee J, Zlatanova S (eds) 3D geo-information science. Lecture notes in geoinformation and 3D Geo-information Sciences, Springer, pp. 60–77. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker S, Peter M, Fritsch D, Philipp D, Baier P, Dibak C (2013) Combined grammar for the modeling of building interiors. ISPRS Ann Photogramm Remote Sens Spat Inf Sci II-4/W1:1–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Billen R, Cutting-Decelle A-F, Marina O, de Almeida J-P, Caglioni M, Falquet G, Leduc T, Métral C, Moreau G, Perret J, Rabino G, San Jose R, Yatskiv I, Zlatanova S (2014) 3D city models and urban information: current issues and perspectives, European COST Action TU0801, EDP science, 130 p

    Google Scholar 

  • Boeters RK, Ohori A, Biljecki F, Zlatanova S (2015) Automatically enhancing CityGML LOD2 models with a corresponding indoor geometry. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 29:2248–2268

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chan S, Sohn G, Wang L, Lee W (2013) Dynamic WIFI-based indoor positioning in 3D virtual world. Int Arch Photogramm Remote Sens Spat Inf Sci XL-4/W4:1–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • El Meouche R, Rezoug M, Hijazi I, Dieter M (2013) Automatic reconstruction of 3D building models from terrestrial laser scanner data. ISPRS Ann Photogramm Remote Sens Spat Inf Sci II-4/W1:7–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fallah N, Apostolopoulos I, Bekris K, Folmer E (2013) Indoor human navigation systems: a survey. Interact Comput 25(1):21–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Funk E, Dooleya LS, Boernerb A, Griessbachb D (2013) Implicit surface modeling from imprecise point clouds. Int Arch Photogramm Remote Sens Spat Inf Sci XL-4/W4:7–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Girard G, Côté S, Zlatanova S, Barette Y, St-Pierre J, Van Oosterom P (2011) Indoor pedestrian navigation using foot-mounted IMU and portable ultrasound range sensors. Sensors 11(8):7606–7624

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hijazi I, Ehlers M, Zlatanova S (2012) NIBU: a new approach to representing and analyzing interior utility networks within 3D geo-information systems. Int J Digit Earth 5(1):22–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu L, Xu W, Penard W, Zlatanova S (2015) Leveraging spatial model to improve indoor tracking. In: Fuse T, Nakagava M (eds) ISPRS Arch Photogramm Remote Sens Spatial Inf Sci, XL-4/W5, pp 75–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Montello, D. (1993). Scale and Multiple Psychologies of Space. Spatial Information Theory: A theoretical basis for GIS. A. Frank and I. Campari. Berlin, Springer-Verlag. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 716: 312–321

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vanclooster A, Viaenea P, Van de Weghea N, Fack V, De Maeyer P (2013) Analyzing the applicability of the least risk path algorithm in indoor space. ISPRS Ann Photogramm Remote Sens Spat Inf Sci II-4/W1:19–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verbree E, Zlatanova S, van Winden K, van der Laan E, Makri A, Taizhou L, Haojun A (2013) To localise or to be localised with WiFi in the Hubei museum? Int Arch Photogramm Remote Sens Spat Inf Sci XL-4/W4:31–35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wohlfeil J, Strackenbrock B, Kossykb I (2013) Automated high resolution 3D reconstruction of cultural heritage using multi-scale sensor systems and semi-global matching. Int Arch Photogramm Remote Sens Spat Inf Sci XL-4/W4:37–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Worboys M (2011) Modelling indoor space. In: Proceedings of the third ACM SIGSPATIAL international workshop on indoor spatial awareness, Chicago, pp 1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Xiong Q, Zhu Q, Zlatanova S, Huang L, Zhou Y, Du Z (2013) Multi dimensional indoor location information model. Int Arch Photogramm Remote Sens Spat Inf Sci XL-4/W4:11–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu W, Kruminaitea M, Onrusta B, Liu H, Xiong Q, Zlatanova S (2013) A 3D model based imdoor navigation system for Hubei provincial museum. Int Arch Photogramm Remote Sens Spat Inf Sci XL-4/W4:51–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zlatanova S, Sithole G, Nakagawa M, Zhud’Q (2013) Problems in indoor mapping and modelling. Int Arch Photogramm Remote Sens Spat Inf Sci XL-4/W4:63–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Zlatanova S, Liu L, Sithole G, Zhao J, Mortari F (2014) Space subdivision for indoor applications. GISt Report 66, 2014

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 3D geoinformation, Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

    Sisi Zlatanova

  2. Department of Informatics, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Umit Isikdag

Authors
  1. Sisi Zlatanova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Umit Isikdag
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sisi Zlatanova .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

    Shashi Shekhar

  2. Rutgers Business School, Newark, New Jersey, USA

    Hui Xiong

  3. The University of Iowa Tippie College of Business, Iowa City, Iowa, USA

    Xun Zhou

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this entry

Cite this entry

Zlatanova, S., Isikdag, U. (2015). 3D Indoor Models and Their Applications. In: Shekhar, S., Xiong, H., Zhou, X. (eds) Encyclopedia of GIS. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23519-6_1551-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23519-6_1551-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-23519-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Computer SciencesReference Module Computer Science and Engineering

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation