Abstract
This chapter examines the ever-increasing number of services and applications that are now provided by the commercial satellite industry. It explains basic types of satellite services as defined by the ITU for the purpose of radio frequency allocations – particularly the broadcast satellite service (BSS), fixed satellite service (FSS), and mobile satellite service (MSS). This section further explains that regulatory, standards, and policy actions by various international and regional organizations, plus commercial competition also leads to the development of different terms to describe new and emerging satellite services. Key to the development of satellite services and applications within the global telecommunications market is not only the development of new satellite technology but also the competition between satellites and terrestrial wireless, coax, and fiber-optic networks. Satellites and terrestrial systems, despite being competitive, are nevertheless often complementary because they have particular strengths and weaknesses that do complement each other. Further, these systems are also used to restore each other against outages – particularly during natural disasters. Satellites have evolved in their offerings for nearly 50 years and will continue to do so in the future including services to interplanetary distances and perhaps beyond.
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- 1.
For more information on micro satellites and nano satellites see www.satellite-links.co.uk/links/satman.html
- 2.
The International Amateur Radio Users Guide to Frequency Coordination provides a full listing of approved frequency bands under the International Telecommunication Union Radio Regulations for all three ITU Regions. Provision 5.282 of the ITU Radio Regulations specifies the following: “In the bands 435–438 MHz, 1,260–1,270 MHz, 2,400–2,450 MHz, 3,400–3,410 MHz (in Regions 2 and 3 only) and 5,650–5,670 MHz, the amateur-satellite service may operate subject to not causing harmful interference to other services operating in accordance with the Table (See 5.43) [i.e., The ITU Allocations Table] Administrations [of the ITU] authorizing such use shall ensure that any harmful interference caused by the emissions of a Station in the amateur-satellite service is immediately eliminated in accord with the provisions of the “Spectrum Requirements for the Amateur and Amateur-Satellite Service, International Amateur Radio Union, August 2008” http://www.iaru.org/ac-08spec.pdf
- 3.
For further reading concerning satellite telecommunication services, See J.N. Pelton, A. Bukley (eds.), The Farthest Shore: A twenty-first Century Guide to Space (Apogee Books, Burlington, Canada, 2010). Particularly Chapter Six on satellite applications. D.K. Sachdev, Business Strategies for Satellite Systems (Artech House, Boston, 2004). R. Jakhu, National Regulation of Space Activities. Space Regulation Library Series (Springer, Dordrecht, 2010). And J.N. Pelton, The Basics of Satellite Telecommunications (Professional Education International, Chicago, IL, 2006).
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Pelton, J.N. (2017). Space Telecommunications Services and Applications. In: Pelton, J., Madry, S., Camacho-Lara, S. (eds) Handbook of Satellite Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23386-4_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23386-4_4
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