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Distributed Hydrologic Modeling

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of GIS

  • 174 Accesses

Synonyms

GIS-based hydrology; Hydrogeology; Hydrology; Spatial hydrologic modeling

Definition

Distributed hydrologic modeling within a GIS framework is the use of parameter maps derived from geospatial data to simulate hydrologic processes. Distributed models of hydrologic processes rely on representing characteristics of the earth’s surface that affect components of the water balance. Capturing the natural and human induced variability of the land surface at sufficient spatial resolution is a primary objective of distributed hydrologic modeling. Geospatial data is used to represent the spatial variation of watershed surfaces and subsurface properties that control hydrologic processes. Geospatial data is used in hydrologic modeling to characterize terrain, soils, land use/cover, precipitation, and meteorological parameters. The use of Geographic Information System s is now commonplace in hydrologic studies. General purpose GIS software tools can be used for managing and processing...

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References

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  • Vieux BE, Bedient PB (2004) Assessing urban hydrologic prediction accuracy through event reconstruction. Spec Issue Urban Hydrol J Hydrol 299(3–4):217–236

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Recommended Reading

  • DeBarry PA, Garbrecht J, Garcia L, Johnson LE, Jorgeson J, Krysanova V, Leavesley G, Maidment D, Nelson EJ, Ogden FL, Olivera F, Quimpo RG, Seybert TA, Sloan WT, Burrows D, Engman ET (1999) GIS modules and distributed models of the watershed. American Society of Civil Engineers Water Resources Division – Surface Water Hydrology Committee, Reston, 120pp

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  • Jain MK, Kothyari UC, Ranga Raju KG (2004) A GIS based distributed rainfall-runoff model. J Hydrol 299(1–2):107–135

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  • Maidment DR, Djokic D (2000) Hydrologic and hydraulic modeling support with geographic information systems. ESRI Press, Redlands

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  • Safiolea E, Bedient PB, Vieux BE (2005) Assessment of the relative hydrologic effects of land use change and subsidence using distributed modeling. In: Moglen GE (ed) ASCE, engineering, ecological, and economic challenges watershed, Williamsburg, pp 178, 87

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  • Tate E, Maidment D, Olivera F, Anderson D (2002) Creating a Terrain model for floodplain mapping, ASCE. J Hydrol Eng 7(2):100–108

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  • Vieux BE (1993) DEM aggregation and smoothing effects on surface runoff modeling. J Comput Civ Eng 7(3):310–338

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  • Wilson JP (ed) Gallant JC (2000) Terrain analysis: principles and applications. Wiley, New York, p 512. ISBN:0-471-32188-5

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA

    Baxter E. Vieux

Authors
  1. Baxter E. Vieux
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Shashi Shekhar

  2. Management Science and Information Systems Department, Rutgers Business School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA

    Hui Xiong

  3. Department of Management Sciences, Tippie College of Business, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

    Xun Zhou

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© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

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Vieux, B.E. (2017). Distributed Hydrologic Modeling. In: Shekhar, S., Xiong, H., Zhou, X. (eds) Encyclopedia of GIS. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17885-1_317

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