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Definition
Carruthers defines mental modules more loosely than does Fodor and provides three arguments in defense of the concept of massive modularity of mind.
Introduction
In The Architecture of the Mind: Massive Modularity and the Flexibility of Thought, Carruthers (2006) defends the concept of massive modularity of the human mind. He first distinguishes massive modularity (that the brain is composed entirely of modules) from Fodorian modularity (which postulated peripheral modules feeding into a domain-general central processor/s). He then provides a series of three formal arguments for the massive modularity of mind: an argument based on the architecture of complex biological systems; an argument appealing to task specificity, which is supported largely by comparative evidence; and an argument from computational tractability. The current entry summarizes Carruthers’ position and notes some key challenges that his arguments have...
References
Carruthers, P. (2005). The case for massively modular models of mind. In R. J. Stainton (Ed.), Contemporary debates in cognitive science (pp. 3–21). Malden: Wiley-Blackwell.
Carruthers, P. (2006). The architecture of the mind: Massive modularity and the flexibility of thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Carruthers, P. (2008). On Fodor-fixation, flexibility and human uniqueness: A reply to Cowie, Machery and Wilson. Mind and Language, 23, 293–303.
Cowie, F. (2008). Us, them and it: Modules, genes, environments and evolution. Mind and Language, 23, 284–292.
Fodor, J. A. (1983). The modularity of mind. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Fodor, J. (2000). The mind doesn’t work that way: The scope and limits of computational psychology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Gallistel, C. (2000). The replacement of general-purpose learning models with adaptively specialized learning modules. In M. Gazzaniga (Ed.), The new cognitive neurosciences (2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Samuels, R. (1998). Evolutionary psychology and the massive modularity hypothesis. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 49, 575–602.
Simon, H. (1962). The architecture of complexity. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 106, 467–482.
Simon, H. A. (2003). The architecture of complexity. In R. Garud, N. Kumaraswamy, & R. N. Langlois (Eds.), Managing in the modular age (pp. 15–37). Oxford: Blackwell.
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Stephen, I.D., Burke, D., Sulikowski, D. (2016). Carruthers on Massive Modularity. In: Weekes-Shackelford, V., Shackelford, T., Weekes-Shackelford, V. (eds) Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_3095-1
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