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Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography

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Optical Coherence Tomography

Abstract

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an interferometric technique capable of noninvasive high-resolution cross-sectional imaging by measuring the intensity of light reflected from within tissue [1]. This results in a noncontact imaging modality that provides images similar in scale and geometry to histology. Just as different stains can be used to enhance the contrast in histology, various extensions of OCT allow for visualization of features not readily apparent in traditional OCT. For example, optical Doppler tomography [2] can enable depth-resolved imaging of flow by observing differences in phase between successive depth scans [3–5]. This chapter will focus on polarization-sensitive OCT (PS-OCT), which utilizes depth-dependent changes in the polarization state of detected light to determine the light-polarization changing properties of a sample [6–11]. These properties, including birefringence, dichroism, and optic axis orientation, can be determined directly by studying the depth evolution of Stokes parameters [7–10, 12–16] or indirectly by using the changing reflected polarization states to first determine Jones or Mueller matrices [11, 17–21]. PS-OCT has been used in a wide variety of applications, including correlating burn depth with a decrease in birefringence [14], measuring the birefringence of the retinal nerve fiber layer [22, 23], and monitoring the onset and progression of caries lesions [24]. In this chapter, a discussion of polarization theory and its application to PS-OCTwill be followed by clinical uses of the technology and will conclude with mentionof more recent work and future directions of PS-OCT.

In this chapter, a discussion of polarization theory and its application to PS-OCT will be followed by clinical uses of the technology and will conclude with mention of more recent work and future directions of PS-OCT.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported in part by funding from the National Institutes of Health (1R24 EY12877, R01 EY014975, and RR19768, K99/R00 EB007241), the Department of Defense (F4-9820-01-1-0014), the Center for Integration of Medicine and Innovative Technology, and a gift from Dr. and Mrs. J.S. Chen to the Optical Diagnostics Program at the Wellman Center for Photomedicine. The authors would like to thank a number of graduate students and postdoctoral research fellows that have contributed to the results presented in this chapter: Mark Pierce, PhD, Barry Cense, PhD, and Mircea Mujat, PhD. We would also like to acknowledge the contributions of Dr. Teresa Chen, MD, of the Massachusetts Ear and Eye Infirmary.

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  1. Department of Bioengineering, UC Riverside, 900 University Ave, MSE 0243, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA

    B. Hyle Park

  2. Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB Amsterdam, Vrije Univ Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Johannes F. de Boer

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Correspondence to B. Hyle Park .

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  1. Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, General Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Wolfgang Drexler

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

    James G. Fujimoto

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Park, B.H., de Boer, J.F. (2015). Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography. In: Drexler, W., Fujimoto, J. (eds) Optical Coherence Tomography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06419-2_34

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