Measures of Iron Metabolism and Applications to Dietary Patterns

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First Online: 15 October 2022

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Biomarkers in Nutrition

Jung-Su Chang⁵,
Alexey A. Tinkov⁶,
David J. Lundy⁷ &
…
Anatoly V. Skalny⁸

Part of the book series: Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications ((BDMDA))

916 Accesses

Abstract

Iron deficiency (ID) remains the most common nutritional disorder worldwide. Although iron is biologically essential, tight regulation of iron balance is critical to prevent iron toxicity. Significant progress has been made on iron disorder diseases since the discovery of hepcidin in 2000. Hepcidin, a master iron regulator, controls iron balance through degradation of ferroportin, the only known mammalian iron exporter. Insufficient hepcidin synthesis is central to hereditary iron overload. Uncontrolled inflammation promotes hepcidin overproduction and triggers functional ID and anemia of inflammation. Hence, the etiology of iron restriction and iron overload is distinct from absolute ID. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of diet and iron disorder with special focus on absolute ID, functional ID, and hereditary iron overload. Advances in the understanding of hepcidin and its interactions with diet may help translate into making effective dietary approaches for patients with different types of iron disorder.

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Measures of Iron Metabolism and Applications to Dietary Patterns

Chapter © 2022

Iron

Chapter © 2017

The effect of food and nutrients on iron overload: what do we know so far?

Article 12 March 2021

Abbreviations

ACD:: Anemia of chronic disease
AI:: Anemia of inflammation
CI:: Confidence interval
Cp:: Ceruloplasmin
CRP:: C-reactive protein
CT:: Computerized tomography
DII:: Dietary inflammatory index
DMT1:: Divalent transporter 1
EPO:: Erythropoietin
GDF 15:: Growth/differentiation factor-15
Hb:: Hemoglobin
HFE:: Hemochromatosis
HH:: Hereditary hemochromatosis
HJV:: Hemojuvelin BMP co-receptor
ID:: Iron deficiency
IDA:: Iron deficiency anemia
MCH:: Mean corpuscular hemoglobin
MCV:: Mean corpuscular volume
MRI:: Magnetic resonance imaging
Mφ:: Macrophages
ORs:: Odds ratio
PUFA:: Polyunsaturated fatty acid
RBCs:: Red blood cells
RDAs:: Recommended daily allowances
SCA:: Sickle cell anemia
sTfR:: Soluble transferrin receptor
TfR2:: Transferrin receptor 2
TIBC:: Total iron-binding capacity
Tsat:: Transferrin saturation
Vit:: Vitamin
WHO:: World Health Organization
WMD:: Weighted mean differences
ZnPP:: Zinc protoporphyrin

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Acknowledgments

The study was supported by grant no. 20-515-S52003 from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Russia) and grant no. 109-2923-B-038-001-MY3 from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) (Taiwan).

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Authors and Affiliations

School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
Jung-Su Chang
IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
Alexey A. Tinkov
Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering, International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
David J. Lundy
World-Class Research Center Digital biodesign and personalized healthcare, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
Anatoly V. Skalny

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Jung-Su Chang
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Alexey A. Tinkov
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David J. Lundy
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Anatoly V. Skalny
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Correspondence to Jung-Su Chang .

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School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
Vinood B. Patel
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
Victor R. Preedy

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Chang, JS., Tinkov, A.A., Lundy, D.J., Skalny, A.V. (2022). Measures of Iron Metabolism and Applications to Dietary Patterns. In: Patel, V.B., Preedy, V.R. (eds) Biomarkers in Nutrition . Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07389-2_14

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07389-2_14
Published: 15 October 2022
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