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Pediatric Hypertension pp 683–700Cite as

Medication and Substance-Induced Hypertension: Mechanisms and Management

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Abstract

In most instances, childhood hypertension does not have an identifiable cause aside from a clear association with obesity. In a small percentage of cases, a source of the hypertension can be identified. Common secondary causes of hypertension include kidney disease, renovascular disease, varied endocrine disorders, and drug-induced hypertension. Prescribed and over-the-counter medications, herbal supplements, and illicit substances have all been linked to hypertension. Hypertension induced by medications, herbal supplements, and illicit drugs should be considered in any child with new-onset hypertension or worsening control of existing hypertension, especially when the rise in blood pressure is abrupt and extreme. Fortunately, blood pressure typically returns to normal values soon after stopping the offending agent, and pharmacologic intervention is usually not required.

Keywords

  • Hypertension
  • Children
  • Substance induced
  • Stimulants
  • Illicit drugs
  • Club drugs
  • NSAIDs
  • Phenylephrine
  • Pseudoephedrine
  • Anti-VEGF
  • Oral contraceptive pills
  • Mercury toxicity
  • Lead toxicity
  • Herbal supplements
  • Dextromethorphan
  • New psychoactive substances

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Nephrology, Children’s Mercy Hospital, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO, USA

    Sandeep K. Riar & Douglas L. Blowey

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  1. Sandeep K. Riar
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  2. Douglas L. Blowey
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Correspondence to Douglas L. Blowey .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn

  2. Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Mass General for Children at MGB Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Julie R. Ingelfinger

  3. Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Tammy M. Brady

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  1. University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn MD, MS

  2. Divison of Nephrology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn MD, MS

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Riar, S.K., Blowey, D.L. (2023). Medication and Substance-Induced Hypertension: Mechanisms and Management. In: Flynn, J.T., Ingelfinger, J.R., Brady, T.M. (eds) Pediatric Hypertension. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06231-5_50

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