The Evidence for Climate Change on Our Planet

Abstract

This chapter analyzes global climate change impacts discussing the major climate events and the efficacy of global responses. Global commitments have highlighted the need to intensify efforts toward minimizing global GHG emissions, while building resilience and adaptation to climate change impacts. This chapter demonstrates that cities, particularly in Africa and Small Island States, are worst affected by shocks and stresses associated with climate change but remain poorly prepared to manage these impacts. There is observed increasing CO₂ and other harmful emissions which threaten the global climate system and consequently, exacerbates the vulnerability of the urban poor. In response, the chapter indicates that global responses (Paris Agreement, SDGs, Glasgow Climate Pact) have had marginal success on addressing urban development and climate change issues. Efforts to reduce GHG emissions are still far from achievable as a result of several factors which impede the efficacy of global responses. There is still evidence of increased and considerable global warming and weakening resilience. The chapter concludes with an outline of actions to strengthen efforts to build urban resilience in the face of the ongoing climate emergency.