Skip to main content

Emergent Technologies for Developing Mathematical Objects-to-Think-With

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Digital Resources in Mathematics Education

Part of the book series: Springer International Handbooks of Education ((SIHE))

  • 57 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter focuses on a cluster of conceptual tools and strategies that are common across topics in school mathematics and are ubiquitous in coding-based contexts. Borrowing from Papert (1980), we propose number lines and mutable grids as objects-to-think-with rather than as objectives of instruction themselves. Through four vignettes, we illustrate how such objects-to-think-with can be leveraged, through technology, to operate explicitly and implicitly as part of sense making in mathematics contexts. Number lines and grids are frequently invoked when learning to code, which led our research team to examine how digital technologies, such as programmable robots, touch-screen tablets, and dynamic geometry environments, extend and expand the power of objects-to-think-with. We argue that these technologies present powerful possibilities for supporting children’s mathematics learning.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    If you find it surprising to learn that the teaching of decimal numbers can precede that of fractions in Canadian classrooms, we offer this explanation: It is likely due to the more Leibnizian conception of number that is typical in North American classrooms, where numbers are understood as quantities rather than magnitudes, the latter having a more geometric interpretation.

References

  • Alberta Education (2016) Mathematics: kindergarten to grade 9. Alberta Education, Alberta

    Google Scholar 

  • British Columbia Ministry of Education (2016) Area of learning: mathematics. Ministry of Education

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruner JS (1966) Toward a theory of instruction. Belkapp Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark A, Chalmers DJ (1998) The extended mind. Analysis 58:7–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis B (2020) Number work: teachers as experts who can think like novices. Learn Math Monograph 1:49–54

    Google Scholar 

  • de Freitas E, Sinclair N (2014) Mathematics and the body: material entanglements in the classroom. Cambridge University Press, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Douady R (1986) Jeux de cadres et dialectique outil-objet. Recherches Didactique Math 7(2):5–31. https://revue-rdm.com/1986/jeux-de-cadres-et-dialectique/

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon-Calvert L (1999) A dependence on technology and algorithms or a lack of number sense? Teach Child Math 6(1):6–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lakoff G, Núñez RE (2000) Where mathematics comes from: how the embodied mind brings mathematics into being. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Merleau-Ponty M (1978) Phenomenology of perception. Routledge, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Mix KS, Levine SC, Cheng Y-L, Young C, Hambrick DZ, Ping R, Konstantopoulos S (2016) Separate but correlated: the latent structure of space and mathematics across development. J Exp Psychol Gen 145(9):1206–1227. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000182

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Newcombe NS, Levine SC, Mix KS (2015) Thinking about quantity: the intertwined development of spatial and numerical cognition. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Cogn Sci 6(6):491–505. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1369

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ng O, Sinclair N, Davis B (2018) Drawing off the page: how new 3D technologies provide insight into cognitive and pedagogical assumptions about mathematics. Math Enthus 15(3):563–578. https://doi.org/10.54870/1551-3440.1445

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ontario Curriculum (2005) Mathematics, grades 1–8. Ministry of Education. ISBN 0-7794-8122-4 (Internet)

    Google Scholar 

  • Papert S (1980) Mindstorms: children, computers, and powerful ideas. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Radford L (2018) The emergence of symbolic algebraic thinking in primary school. In: Kieran C (ed) Teaching and learning algebraic thinking with 5- to 12-year-olds: the global evolution of an emerging field of research and practice. Springer, Cham, pp 3–25

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro L (2011) Embodied cognition. Routledge, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinclair N (2017) Crossroad blues. In: Galindo E, Newton J (eds) Proceedings of the 39th annual meeting of the North American chapter of the international group for the psychology of mathematics education. Hoosier Association of Mathematics Teacher Educators

    Google Scholar 

  • Suydam MN, Weaver JF (1974) Research on mathematics education (K-12) reported in 1974. J Res Math Educ 6(4):253–282. https://doi.org/10.5951/jresematheduc.6.4.0253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turkle S, Papert S (1990) Epistemological pluralism: styles and voices with the computer culture. Signs J Women Cult Soc 16(1):128–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Uttal DH, Scudder KV, DeLoache JS (1997) Manipulatives as symbols: a new perspective on the use of concrete objects to teach mathematics. J Appl Dev Psychol 18:37–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Uttal DH, Meadow NG, Tipton E, Hand LL, Alden AR, Warren C, Newcombe NS (2013) The malleability of spatial skills: a meta-analysis of training studies. Psychol Bull 139(2):352–402. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028446

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van de Walle JA, Karp KS, Bay-Williams JM (2019) Elementary and middle school mathematics: teaching developmentally, 10th edn. Pearson, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Varela FJ, Thompson E, Rosch E (1991) The embodied mind: cognitive science and human experience. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Wilensky U (1991) Abstract meditations on the concrete and concrete implications for mathematics education. In: Harel I, Papert S (eds) Constructionism. Ablex Publishing Corporation, Norwood, pp 193–204

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Krista Francis .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Francis, K., Davis, B., Bruce, C., Sinclair, N. (2023). Emergent Technologies for Developing Mathematical Objects-to-Think-With. In: Pepin, B., Gueudet, G., Choppin, J. (eds) Handbook of Digital Resources in Mathematics Education. Springer International Handbooks of Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95060-6_13-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95060-6_13-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-95060-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-95060-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference EducationReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Education

Publish with us

Policies and ethics