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Cancer Screening in the Older Adult

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Geriatric Medicine

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Abstract

Cancer incidence increases with age. It is the second most common cause of death in older adults. Prevention and early detection of certain cancers helps preserve quality of life and offers the possibility of a cure with less aggressive treatments. Lifestyle modifications and healthy behaviors can mitigate the modifiable cancer risks. Screening tests must be effective, safe, and well tolerated with acceptably low rates of false positive and false negative results. Some people diagnosed with preclinical cancer will die from competing causes. Older patients require an individualized approach in decision-making. Estimation of life expectancy, comorbid disease burden, and status on the fit-frail spectrum are important steps. The risk benefits of cancer screening should be discussed with the older adult and family/caregivers to arrive at a decision whether to screen or not. In this chapter, we describe the current prevention and screening recommendations for some common cancers where they exist.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

    Koshy Alexander & Beatriz Korc-Grodzicki

  2. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA

    Koshy Alexander & Beatriz Korc-Grodzicki

Authors
  1. Koshy Alexander
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  2. Beatriz Korc-Grodzicki
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Correspondence to Beatriz Korc-Grodzicki .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. California Association of Long Term Care Medicine, Newbury Park, CA, USA

    Michael R. Wasserman

  2. Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA

    Debra Bakerjian

  3. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA

    Sunny Linnebur

  4. Division of Geriatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA

    Sharon Brangman

  5. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Matteo Cesari

  6. Section of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai, Beverly Hills, CA, USA

    Sonja Rosen

Section Editor information

  1. Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

    Armin Shahrokni MD

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Alexander, K., Korc-Grodzicki, B. (2024). Cancer Screening in the Older Adult. In: Wasserman, M.R., Bakerjian, D., Linnebur, S., Brangman, S., Cesari, M., Rosen, S. (eds) Geriatric Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74720-6_76

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