Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are considered a new class of chemicals because of their novel properties such as size, charge, and shape. Applications of titanium dioxide-engineered nanoparticles (TiO2-ENPs) in various consumer products, including food additives and cosmeceuticals, gained momentum across the globe. Extensive application of TiO2-ENPs leads to their release into the environment, which raised concerns about the environmental health impacts of TiO2-ENPs. In addition, the behavior and fate of TiO2-ENPs in the environment are largely unknown. Although most of the investigations are concerned with the effects of TiO2-ENPs on the aquatic environment, the basis of many food chains depends on the benthic and soil flora and fauna, which could be dramatically affected by the release of TiO2-ENPs into the environment. Therefore, research efforts in evaluating the ecotoxicity of ENPs in soil ecosystems are needed because they reach sediment or soil at the end of the life cycle. Endpoints for assessing ecotoxicity in soil environment include a list of sentinels that can serve as ENPs’ pollution bio-monitors. In this regard, invertebrates’ widespread distribution and sensitivity toward pollutants can assist in monitoring ENPs in the environment. Therefore, the present chapter is intended to present the importance of soil invertebrates as sentinels in assessing the ecotoxicity of TiO2-ENPs. The gaps existing in current knowledge about ecotoxicity assessment of TiO2-ENPs in the soil environment are highlighted. The need for physicochemical characterization of ENPs to adopt appropriate metrics in nanotoxicology has also been discussed.
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Prasad, B.S., Rani, J.U., Ganesh, P.S. (2022). Toxicological Evaluation of TiO2 Engineered Nanoparticles in Soil Invertebrates: A Cue for Revisiting Standard Toxicity Testing for Nanomaterials. In: Shanker, U., Hussain, C.M., Rani, M. (eds) Handbook of Green and Sustainable Nanotechnology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69023-6_62-1
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