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Mediation of Nanotechnology and Biotechnology: An Emerging Pathway for the Treatment of Environmental Pollution

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Green and Sustainable Nanotechnology

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Abstract

Rapid industrialization and urbanization are severely polluting the natural environment and damaging the economy of the entire world. In this context emergence of nanobiotechnology plays a significant role by providing the leading solution for the effective decontamination of environmental pollution and will further overcome the limitations offered by conventional treatment technologies. This chapter will highlight the sustainable role of nanobiotechnology in pollutant removal, specifically from drinking water and wastewater. The utilization of nanomaterials of variable morphologies, surface chemistries, and compositions will help in removing pollutants up to 95% through adsorption and filtration, followed by photocatalytic degradation with zero waste discharge. Similarly, biotechnology using different microbial species can help to treat water contaminations up to 90%, but the operational cost and resulting solid waste are the key challenges in this approach. This chapter will also discuss how to minimize the operational cost and better solid waste management for conventional microbial treatment methods by integrating different technologies in a single system either based on different microbial treatments or a combination of microbial/enzymatic on suitable nanomatrixes. The simultaneous utilization of nano- and biotechnology will help in designing layered hybrid and multiple composites having abilities for the successful removal of high-load toxic and industrial pollution, which can reach up to 15 kgm−3day−1 with low operational cost and biowaste. However, the toxicity of nanomaterials and microbial stains is still questionable and needs to be addressed before applying on a larger scale. Moreover, for industrial applications of integrated nanobiotechnology systems for water treatment, their stability, toxicological aspects, and operational cost shall be evaluated for economical water treatment and pollution control.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Structures and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Ahmad

  2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China

    Muhammad Ahmad

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Maryam Yousaf, Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti, Wajiha Umer Farooq & Muhammad Mohsin

  4. Deep Earth Imaging-Future Science Platform, CSIRO, Kensington, WA, Australia

    Abeer Mazher

  5. School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Nasir Mahmood

  6. School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Nasir Mahmood

Authors
  1. Muhammad Ahmad
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  2. Maryam Yousaf
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  3. Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti
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  4. Wajiha Umer Farooq
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  5. Muhammad Mohsin
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  6. Abeer Mazher
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  7. Nasir Mahmood
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nasir Mahmood .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Uma Shanker

  2. Chemistry and EVSC, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA

    Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain

  3. Malaviya National Institute of Technolog, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Manviri Rani

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Ahmad, M. et al. (2023). Mediation of Nanotechnology and Biotechnology: An Emerging Pathway for the Treatment of Environmental Pollution. In: Shanker, U., Hussain, C.M., Rani, M. (eds) Handbook of Green and Sustainable Nanotechnology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69023-6_115-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69023-6_115-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-69023-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-69023-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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