Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Ethics and Religion

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance

  • 6 Accesses

Synonyms

Public Administration Ethics; Religion and Ethics; Religion and Morality in Public Administration

Introduction

For the past century, scholarly discourse concerning public administration has reflected an ethos suffused with an array of ideals enabling public administrators not only to make sense of but also to commit themselves to that ethos. Where those ideals are normative – a professional ethos, for example – they motivate or mandate conduct on the part of those whose desire is to participate in or to shape their lives according to those ideals (Reynolds 1993). This decision, when made by public administrators motivated by normative ideals – in particular, ethical principles and religious morals – triggers this discussion concerning ethics and religion in public administration (Brewer et al. 2000; Crewson 1997; Houston 2000, 2006; Jurkiewicz et al. 1998; Perry and Wise 1990; van Loon et al. 2015; Wright 2001).

This survey discusses first, ethics and public administration,...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 6,499.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 6,999.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adams GB (1994) Enthralled with modernity: the historical context of knowledge and theory development. In: White JD, Adams GB (eds) Research in public administration: reflections on theory and practice. Sage, Newbury Park, pp 25–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams GB (2001) Administrative ethics and the chimera of professionalism. In: Cooper TL (ed) Handbook of administrative ethics, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 291–309

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams GB, Balfour DL (2015) Unmasking administrative evil, 4th edn. M. E. Sharpe, Armonk

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams GB, Balfour DL, Reed GL (2006) Abu Ghraib, administrative evil, and moral inversion: the value of “putting cruelty first”. Public Adm Rev 66(5):680–693

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alonso P, Lewis GB (2001) Public service motivation and job performance: evidence from the federal sector. Am Rev Public Adm 31(4):363–380

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • American Society for Public Administration (2013) Code of ethics. Retrieved from http://www.aspanet.org/public/ASPA/Code%20of%20Ethics/ASPA/Resources/Code_of_Ethics/Code_of_Ethics1.aspx?hkey=7d5473b7-b98a-48a4-b409-3efb4ceaa006

  • American Society for Public Administration (2015) Practices to promote the ASPA code of ethics. Retrieved from http://www.aspanet.org/PUBLIC/ASPADocs/ASPA%20Code%20of%20Ethics-2013%20with%20Practices.pdf

  • Anderson P (2000) This place hurts my spirit! J Qual Particip 23(4):16–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Appleby P (1952) Morality and administration in democratic government. Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge

    Google Scholar 

  • Aristotle (1958) The Nicomachean ethics (trans: Ross WD). In: Kaplan JD (ed) The pocket Aristotle. Simon & Schuster, New York, pp 158–274

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashkanasy NM, Falkus S, Callan VJ (2000) Predictors of ethical code use and ethical tolerance in the public sector. J Bus Ethics 25(3):237–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey SK (1964) Ethics and the public service. Public Adm Rev 24(4):234–243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnard CI (1968) The functions of the executive. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnett T, Schubert E (2002) Perceptions of the ethical work climate and covenantal relationships. J Bus Ethics 36(3):279–290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barth T (2010) Crisis management in the Catholic Church: lessons for public administrators. Public Adm Rev 70(5):780–791

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Batley R, Larbi G (2004) The changing role of government: the reform of public services in developing countries. Macmillan, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bazerman MH, Tenbrunsel AE (2011) Blind spots: why we fail to do what’s right and what to do about it. Princeton University Press, Princeton

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Beeri I, Dayan R, Vigoda-Gadot E, Werner SB (2012) Advancing ethics in public organizations: the impact of an ethics program on employees’ perceptions and behaviors in a regional council. J Bus Ethics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1232-7

  • Benedict XVI (2006) Faith, reason and the university: memories and reflections. http://w2.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/en/speeches/2006/september/documents/hf_ben-xvi_spe_20060912_university-regensburg.html. Accessed 13 Jan 2015

  • Berman E, West J, Cava A (1994) Ethics management in municipal governments and large firms: exploring similarities and differences. Adm Soc 26(2):185–203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berman EM, West JP, Bonczek SJ (eds) (1998) The ethics edge. International City/County Management Association, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Bertelli AM, Lynn LE Jr (2003) Managerial responsibility. Public Adm Rev 63(3):259–268

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bevir M, Rhodes RAW, Weller P (2003) Traditions of governance: interpreting the changing role of the public sector. Public Adm 81(1):1–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bisesi M, Lidman R (2009) Compassion and power: religion, spirituality, and public administration. Int J Public Adm 32:4–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blasi AA (1980) Bridging moral cognition and moral action: a critical review of literature. Psychol Bull 88(1):1–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowman JS (1990) Ethics in government: a national survey of public administrators. Public Adm Rev 50(3):345–353

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowman JS, Knox CC (2008) Ethics in government: no matter how long and dark the night. Public Adm Rev 68(4):627–639

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowman JS, Menzel DC (eds) (1998) Teaching ethics and values in public administration programs. SUNY Press, Albany

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowman JS, Berman EM, West JP (2001) The profession of public administration: an ethics edge in introductory textbooks? Public Adm Rev 61(2):194–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowman JS, West JP, Beck MA (2004a) Achieving competencies in public service: the professional edge, 2nd edn. M.C. Sharpe, Armonk

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowman JS, West JP, Berman EM, Van Wart M (2004b) The professional edge: competencies in public service. M.C. Sharpe, Armonk

    Google Scholar 

  • Bozeman B, Su X (2015) Public service motivation concepts and theory: a critique. Public Adm Rev 75(5):700–710

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brady FN (2003) “Publics” administration and the ethics of particularity. Public Adm Rev 63(5):525–534

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brereton M, Temple M (1999) The new public service ethos: an ethical environment for governance. Public Adm 77(3):455–474

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brewer GA (2003) Building social capital: civic attitudes and behavior of public servants. J Public Adm Res Theory 13:5–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brewer GA, Selden SC, Facer II (2000) Individual conceptions of public service motivation. Public Adm Rev 60(3):254–264

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brey P (2000) Disclosive computer ethics. Comput Soc 30(4):10–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown ME (2007) Misconceptions of ethical leadership: how to avoid potential pitfalls. Organ Dyn 36(2):140–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown ME, Treviño LK, Harrison DA (2005) Ethical leadership: a social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process 97(2):117–134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bruce W (1998) Ethics education in municipal government: it does make a difference. In: Bowman JS, Menzel DC (eds) Teaching ethical values in public administration programs. SUNY Press, Albany, pp 231–249

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruce W (2000) Public administrator attitudes about spirituality: an exploratory study. Am Rev Public Adm 30(4):460–472

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brumback GB (1991) Institutionalizing ethics in government. Public Pers Manag 20(3):353–364

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burke F, Black A (1990) Improving organizational productivity: add ethics. Public Prod Manag Rev 14(2):121–133

    Google Scholar 

  • Caiden N (2007) Faith and government. Public Adm Rev 67(2):355–363

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chapman R (1993) Introduction. In: Chapman R (ed) Ethics in public service. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp 1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Ciulla JB (2004) Leadership ethics: mapping the territory. In: Ciulla JB (ed) Ethics, the heart of leadership, 2nd edn. Praeger, Westport, pp 3–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Clerkin RM, Grønbjerg KA (2007) The capacities and challenges of faith-based human service organizations. Public Adm Rev 67(1):115–126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen DV (1993) Creating and maintaining ethical work climates: anomie in the workplace and implications for managing change. Bus Ethics Q 3(4):343–358

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Committee for Public Education & Religious Liberty v. Nyquist, 413 U.S. 756, 760 (1973). http://supreme.justia.com/us/413/756/case.html. Accessed 2 Dec 2015

  • Cooper TL (ed) (2000) Handbook of administrative ethics, 2nd edn. Taylor & Francis, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooper TL (2012) The responsible administrator: an approach to ethics for the administrative role, 6th edn. Wiley, San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooper TL, Menzel DC (eds) (2013) Achieving ethical competence for public service leadership. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooper TL, Wright ND (eds) (1992) Exemplary public administrators: character and leadership in government. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  • Cowell R, Downe J, Morgan K (2014) Managing politics? Ethics regulation and conflicting conceptions of “good conduct”. Public Adm Rev 74(1):29–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crewson PE (1997) Public-service motivation: building empirical evidence of incidence and effect. J Public Adm Res Theory 7(4):499–518

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dawkins R (1997) Is science a religion? The Humanist, January/February, 26–29. https://web.archive.org/web/20121030144700/http:/www.thehumanist.org/humanist/articles/dawkins.html. Accessed 27 Dec 2015

  • Dawkins R (1998a) The emptiness of theology. Free Inquiry 18(2). https://web.archive.org/web/20080419125549/http:/www.secularhumanism.org/library/fi/dawkins_18_2.html. Accessed 27 Dec 2015

  • Dawkins R (1998b) When religion steps on science’s turf. Free Inquiry 18(2). https://web.archive.org/web/20080419125549/http:/www.secularhumanism.org/library/fi/dawkins_18_2.html. Accessed 27 Dec 2015

  • Dawkins R (2006) The God delusion. Transworld Publishers, London

    Google Scholar 

  • deHaven-Smith L (2003) What Jesus says to public administration. Int J Organ Theory Behav 1(6):90–118

    Google Scholar 

  • Denhardt JV, Denhardt RB (2003) The new public service: serving, not steering. M.E. Sharpe, Aramonk

    Google Scholar 

  • Denhardt RB, Denhardt JV (2015) The New Public Service Revisited. Public Adm Rev 75(5):664–672

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • du Gay P (2000) In praise of bureaucracy. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks

    Google Scholar 

  • Eikenberry AM (2009) The present and (normative) future of public administration and implications for ASPA. Public Adm Rev 69(6):1060–1067

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fallot RD (1998) The place of spirituality and religion in mental health services. New Dir Ment Health Serv 80:3–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farmer DJ (2005) Talking about religion. Adm Theory Prax 27(1):182–195

    Google Scholar 

  • Felts AA, Jos PH (2000) Time and space: the origins and implications of the new public management. Adm Theory Pract 22(3):519–533

    Google Scholar 

  • Frederickson HG (1980) New public administration. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa

    Google Scholar 

  • Frederickson HG (1996) The spirit of public administration. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  • Freeman PK, Houston DJ (2010) Belonging, believing, behaving: the religious character of public servants. Adm Soc 42(6):694–719

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frisque DA, Kolb JA (2008) The effects of an ethics training program on attitude, knowledge, and transfer of training of office professionals: a treatment- and control-group design. Hum Resour Dev Q 19(1):35–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fruchter D (2014) In the study of leadership, spirituality is the unexpected elephant in the room. Public Adm Rev 75(1):171–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Zamor J-C (2003) Workplace spirituality and organizational performance. Public Adm Rev 63(3):355–363

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garofalo C, Geuras D (2006) Common ground, common future: moral agency in public administration, professions, and citizenship. Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton

    Google Scholar 

  • Geuras D, Garofalo C (2010) Practical ethics in public administration, 3rd edn. Management Concepts, Tysons Corner

    Google Scholar 

  • Giacalone RA, Jurkiewicz CL (eds) (2010) Handbook of workplace spirituality and organizational performance. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk

    Google Scholar 

  • Gooden ST, McCreary SM (2001) That old-time religion: efficiency, benchmarking, and productivity. Public Adm Rev 61(1):116–120

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodsell CT (2006) A new vision for public administration. Public Adm Rev 66(4):623–635

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Griel AL (2009) Defining religion. In: Clark P, Beyer P (eds) The world’s religions: continuities and transformations. Routledge, New York, pp 135–149

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamburger P (2004) Separation of church and state. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, pp 287–334, 342. https://books.google.com/books?id=q6Axd76IE1UC&dq. Accessed 3 Dec 2015

  • Heres L, Lasthuizen K (2013) From ethical competence to ethical leadership. In: Cooper TL, Menzel DC (eds) Achieving ethical competence for public service leadership. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, pp 51–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Hitchens C (2007) God is not great: how religion poisons everything. Twelve Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Houston DJ (2000) Public-service motivation: a multivariate test. J Public Adm Res Theory 10(4):713–728

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Houston DJ (2006) “Walking the walk” of public service motivation: public employees and charitable gifts of time, blood, and money. J Public Adm Res Theory 16(1):67–86

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Houston DJ, Cartwright KE (2007) Spirituality and public service. Public Adm Rev 67(1):88–102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Houston DJ, Freeman PK, Feldman DL (2008) How naked is the public square? Religion, public service, and implications for public administration. Public Adm Rev 68(3):428–444

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • International City/Council Management Association (n.d.) ICMA code of ethics. http://icma.org/en/icma/ethics/code_of_ethics. Accessed 17 Dec 2015

  • Jacobs RM (2013) Developing ethical competence: an integrated pedagogical method. In: Cooper TL, Menzel DC (eds) Achieving ethical competence for public service leadership. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, pp 95–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs RM (2015) Developing insight in aspiring researchers: challenges confronting public administration teachers and scholars. Teach Public Adm 33(4):1–28. https://doi.org/0144739415615664

    Google Scholar 

  • James HS Jr (2000) Reinforcing ethical decision making through organizational structure. J Bus Ethics 28(1):43–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • John Paul II (1998) Encyclical letter: Fides et ratio. http://w2.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_14091998_fides-et-ratio.html. Accessed 15 Jan 2016

  • Jordan S, Gray P (2011) The ethics of public administration: the challenges of global governance. Baylor University Press, Waco

    Google Scholar 

  • Jurkewicz CL (2013) Advancing ethical competence through pedagogy. In: Cooper TL, Menzel D (eds) Achieving ethical competence for public service leadership. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, pp 131–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Jurkiewicz CL, Massey TK Jr, Brown RG (1998) Motivation in public and private organizations: a comparative study. Public Prod Manag Rev 21(3):230–250

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalu KN (2003) Of citizenship, virtue, and the administrative imperative: deconstructing Aristotelian civic republicanism. Public Adm Rev 63(4):418–427

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kernaghan K (2003) Integrating values into public service: the values statement as centerpiece. Public Adm Rev 63(6):711–719

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • King SM (2007) Religion, spirituality, and the workplace: challenges for public administration. Public Adm Rev 67(1):103–114

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LeClair DT, Ferrell L (2000) Innovation in experiential business ethics training. J Bus Ethics 23(3):313–322

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee M (2002) Intersectoral differences in public affairs: the duty of public reporting in public administration. J Public Aff 2:33–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leys WAR (1943) Ethics and administrative discretion. Public Adm Rev 3(Winter):10–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lowery D (2005) Self-reflexivity: a place for religion and spirituality in public administration. Public Adm Rev 65(3):324–334

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luhmann N (2013a) Introduction to systems theory (trans: Gilgen P). Polity Press, Malden

    Google Scholar 

  • Luhmann N (2013b) A systems theory of religion (trans: Brenner DA). Stanford University Press, Stanford

    Google Scholar 

  • Lynch TD, Lynch CE (1999) Spiritual wisdom and public administration. Int J Org Theory Behav 2(3&4):273–302

    Google Scholar 

  • Lynn LE Jr (2001) The myth of the bureaucratic paradigm: what traditional public administration really stood for. Public Adm Rev 61(2):144–160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Macaulay M, Lawton A (2006) From virtue to competence: changing the principles of public service. Public Adm Rev 66(5):702–710

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maclagan P (1998) Management & morality. Sage Press, Thousand Oaks

    Google Scholar 

  • Martinez JM (2009) Public administration ethics for the 21st century. Praeger, Santa Barbara

    Google Scholar 

  • McSwite OC (2002) Invitation to public administration. Taylor & Francis, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Menzel DC (1992) Ethics attitudes and behaviors in local governments: an empirical analysis. State Local Gov Rev 24(Fall):94–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Menzel DC (1993) The ethics factor in local government: an empirical analysis. In: Frederickson HG (ed) Ethics and public administration. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, pp 191–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Menzel DC (1995) The ethical environment of local government managers. Am Rev Public Adm 25(3):247–261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Menzel DC (1996a) Ethics stress in public organizations. Public Prod Manag Rev 20(1):70–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Menzel DC (1996b) Ethics complaint making and trustworthy government. In: Public integrity annual. Council of State Governments, Lexington, pp 73–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Menzel DC (1997) Teaching ethics and values in public administration: are we making a difference? Public Adm Rev 57(3):224–230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Menzel DC (1999) Rediscovering the lost world of public service ethics: do we need new ethics for public administrators? Public Adm Rev 59(5):443–447

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Menzel DC (2007) Ethics management for public administrators: building organizations of integrity. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk

    Google Scholar 

  • Menzel DC (2012) Ethics management for public administrators: leading and building organizations of integrity, 2nd edn. M.E. Sharpe, Aramonk

    Google Scholar 

  • Menzel DC, Carson K (1999) A review and assessment of empirical research on public administration ethics: implications for scholars and managers. Public Integrity 1(Summer):239–264

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore MH, Sparrow MK (1990) The moral challenge of public leadership. Prentice Hall, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Mosher F (1982) Democracy and the public service, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Network of Schools of Public Policy, Affairs, and Administration (2014) NASPAA standards. NASPAA, Washington, DC. https://naspaaaccreditation.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/naspaa-accreditation-standards.pdf. Accessed 15 Dec 2015

  • Network of Schools of Public Policy, Affairs, and Administration (2016) NASPAA news: a salute to the Journal of Public Affairs Education. http://campaign.r20.constantcontact.com/render?ca=84b5b4a5-ade8-4a97-9a90-e547178cf3fd&c=5c584bb0-7e0a-11e3-a461-d4ae5292b9a6&ch=5d927960-7e0a-11e3-a4d2-d4ae5292b9a6. Accessed 15 Dec 2015

    Google Scholar 

  • Nigro L (2014) New public personnel administration. Cengage Learning, Boston

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Fallon MJ, Butterfield KD (2005) A review of the empirical ethical decision-making literature: 1996–2003. J Bus Ethics 59(4):375–413

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Toole BJ (1993) The loss of purity: the corruption of public service in Britain. Public Policy Adm 8(2):1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Toole BJ (2006) The ideal of public service: reflections on the higher civil service in Britain. Routledge, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Paine LS (1994) Managing for organizational integrity. Harv Bus Rev 72(2):106–117

    Google Scholar 

  • Pandey SK, Stazyk EC (2008) Antecedents and correlates of public service motivation. In: Perry JL, Hondeghem A (eds) Motivation in public management: the call of Public Service. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 101–116

    Google Scholar 

  • Parsons T (1967) The structure of social action, vol 1 & 2. Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Perry JL (1997) Antecedents of public service motivation. J Public Adm Res Theory 7(2):181–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perry JL, Wise LR (1990) The motivational bases of public service. Public Adm Rev 50(3):367–373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perry JL, Brudney JL, Coursey D, Littlepage L (2008) What drives morally committed citizens? A study of the antecedents of public service motivation. Public Adm Rev 68(3):445–458

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perry JL, Hondeghem A, Wise LR (2010) Revisiting the motivational bases of public service: twenty years of research and an agenda for the future. Public Adm Rev 70(5):681–690

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Plant JF (2000) Codes of ethics. In: Cooper TL (ed) Handbook of administrative ethics, 2nd edn. Taylor & Francis, New York, pp 309–334

    Google Scholar 

  • Plant JF (2013) Ethical competence/professionalism in public administration. In: Cooper TL, Menzel DC (eds) Achieving ethical competence for public service leadership. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, pp 189–217

    Google Scholar 

  • Raadschelders JCN (ed) (2002) State and church in Western Europe in an administrative-history perspective (19th/20th centuries): yearbook of European Administrative History, vol 14. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden

    Google Scholar 

  • Raile ED (2013) Building ethical capital: perceptions of ethical climate in the public sector. Public Adm Rev 73(2):253–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rainey HG, Ryu J (2004) Framing high performance and innovativeness in government: a review and assessment of research. In: Ingraham PW, Lynn LE Jr (eds) The art of governance: analyzing management and administration. Georgetown University Press, Washington, DC, pp 20–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Rayner J, Williams HM, Lawton A, Allison CW (2011) Public service ethos: developing a generic measure. J Public Adm Res Theory 21(1):27–51

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reamer FG (2013) Ethical competence in social work. In: Cooper TL, Menzel DC (eds) Achieving ethical competence for public service leadership. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, pp 163–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds N (1993) Ethos as location: new sites for understanding discursive authority. Rhetor Rev 11(2):325–338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rooney D, McKenna B (2008) Wisdom in public administration: looking for a sociology of wise practice. Public Adm Rev 68(4):709–721

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salamon LM (2002) The tools of government: a guide to the new governance. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt FL, Hunter JE (1998) The validity and utility of selections methods in personnel psychology: practical and theoretical implications of 84 years of research findings. Psychol Bull 124(2):262–274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shah R, Larbi G, Batley R (2007) Religion and public management literature review (working paper 1). International Development Department, University of Birmingham

    Google Scholar 

  • Shareef R (2008) Teaching public sector ethics to graduate students: the public values/public failure decision-making model. J Public Aff Educ 14(3):285–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith SR, Sosin MR (2001) The varieties of faith-related agencies. Public Adm Rev 61(6):651–670

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Staats EB (1988) Public service and the public interest. Public Adm Rev 48(2):601–605

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stensöta HO (2010) The conditions of care: reframing the debate about public sector ethics. Public Adm Rev 70(2):295–303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart DW (1985) Professionalism vs. democracy: Friedrich vs. Finer revisited. Public Adm Q 9(1):13–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Stewart DW, Sprinthall NA (1993) The impact of demographic, professional, and organizational variables and domains on the moral reasoning of public administration. In: Frederickson HG (ed) Ethics and public administration. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, pp 205–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Stout M (2013) Logics of legitimacy: three traditions of public administration practice. CRC Press, Boca Raton

    Google Scholar 

  • Svara JH (2009) The elements of administrative ethics. Paper presented at the NASPAA annual conference, Crystal City

    Google Scholar 

  • Svara JH (2014) Who are the keepers of the code? Articulating and upholding ethical standards in the field of public administration. Public Adm Rev 74(5):561–569

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Svara JH (2015) The ethics primer for public administrators in government and nonprofit organizations, 2nd edn. Jones & Bartlett, Sudbury

    Google Scholar 

  • Thoma SJ (1994) Moral judgments and moral action. In: Rest JR, Narvaez DF (eds) Moral development in the professions. L. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, pp 199–212

    Google Scholar 

  • Thoma SJ, Rest JR, Barnett R (1986) Moral judgment, behavior, decision making, and attitudes. In: Rest JR (ed) Moral development: advances in theory and research. Praeger, New York, pp 133–175

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas CW (1998) Maintaining and restoring public trust in government agencies and their employees. Adm Soc 30(2):166–193

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tönnies F (1964) Community and society (Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft, 2nd edn, trans: Loomis CP). The Michigan State University Press, East Lansing

    Google Scholar 

  • Treviño LK (1990) A cultural perspective on changing and developing organizational ethics. In: Pasmore WA, Woodman RW (eds) Research in organizational change and development, vol 4. JAI Press, Greenwich, pp 195–230

    Google Scholar 

  • Treviño LK, Brown ME, Hartman LP (2003) A qualitative investigation of perceived executive ethical leadership: perceptions from inside and outside the executive suite. Hum Relat 56(1):5–37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Treviño LK, Weaver GR, Brown ME (2008) It’s lovely at the top: hierarchical levels, identities, and perceptions of organizational ethics. Bus Ethics Q 18(2):233–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Tyack D, Hansot E (1986) Managers of virtue: public school leadership in America, 1820–1980. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Valentine S, Fleischman G (2004) Ethics training and businesspersons’ perceptions of organizational ethics. J Bus Ethics 52(4):381–390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Loon NM, Vandenabeele W, Leisink P (2015) Clarifying the relationship between public service motivation and in-role and extra-role behaviors: the relative contributions of person-job and person-organization fit. Am Rev Public Adm. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074015617547

  • Van Wart M (2007) Do public administrators tend to be morally superior? Public Adm Rev 67(1):168–171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vashdi DR, Vigoda-Gadot E, Shlomi D (2012) Assessing performance: the impact of organizational climates and politics on public schools’ performance. Public Adm. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2011.01968.x

  • Vigoda E (2000) Are you being served? The responsiveness of public administration to citizens’ demands: an empirical examination in Israel. Public Adm 78(1):165–191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vigoda-Gadot E (2007) Citizens’ perceptions of politics and ethics in public administration: a five-year national study of their relationship to satisfaction with services, trust in governance, and voice orientations. J Public Adm Res Theory 17(2):285–305

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • von Bertalanffy L (1969) General systems theory: foundations, development, applications. George Braziller, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber M (1968) The religion of China (ed: Gerth HH). The Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber M (1992) The Protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism (trans: Giddens A). Routledge, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • West JP, Berman EM (2004) Ethics training in U.S. cities: content, pedagogy, and impact. Public Integrity 6(3):189–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Willa B, Novinson J (1999) Spirituality in public service: a dialogue. Public Adm Rev 59(2):163–169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson W (1887) The study of administration. Polit Sci Q 2(2):197–222

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wright BE (2001) Public-sector work motivation: a review of the current literature and a revised conceptual model. J Public Adm Res Theory 11(4):559–586

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Public Administration, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA

    Richard M. Jacobs

Authors
  1. Richard M. Jacobs
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Richard M. Jacobs .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA

    Ali Farazmand

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Jacobs, R.M. (2022). Ethics and Religion. In: Farazmand, A. (eds) Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66252-3_912

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation