Abstract
This entry explores ethical imbalances as they pertain to global health research. Though particular emphasis is placed on newer ethical challenges which have arisen for pharmacists conducting health services research, other areas of public health research are also defined and ethical dilemmas explored therein. Reasons, such as culture-based differences in perception and approach to research, are proposed as bases for ethical dilemmas involving research partnerships between high-income and low- to middle-income countries. Finally, exemplars for ethical research approaches in meeting global health challenges are also described in this entry as means of exploring best practices.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Adhikari S, Paudel K, Aro AR, Adhikari TB, Mishra SR. BMC Med Ethics. 2016;17:68. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-016-0154-9.
Al-Azayzih A, Alzoubi KH. Knowledge and attitude of medical residents towards cancer clinical trials in Jordan. Int J Gen Med. 2020;2(13):337–42. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S258260. PMID: 32669868; PMCID: PMC7337444
Amerson RM, Strang CW. Addressing the challenges of conducting research in developing countries. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2015;47(6):584–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12171.
Aramesh K. A brief history of biomedical research ethics in Iran: conflict of paradigms. Dev World Bioeth. 2015;15(2):107–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12053.
Burgos R, Badowski M, Drwiega E, et al. The race to a COVID-19 vaccine: opportunities and challenges in development and distribution. Drugs Context. 2021;10 https://doi.org/10.7573/dic.2020-12-2.
Chandra D, Kumar D. A fuzzy MICMAC analysis for improving supply chain performance of basic vaccines in developing countries. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2018;17(3):263–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2018.1403322. Epub 2017 Nov 15
Chandratilake M, Mcaleer S, Gibson J. Cultural similarities and differences in medical professionalism: a multi-region study. Med Educ. 2012;46(3):257–66. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2011.04153.x.
Culhane-Pera KA, Straka RJ, Moua M, et al. Engaging Hmong adults in genomic and pharmacogenomic research: toward reducing health disparities in genomic knowledge using a community-based participatory research approach. J Community Genet. 2017;8(2):117–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-017-0292-x.
Glass BD. Counterfeit drugs and medical devices in developing countries. Res Rep Trop Med. 2014;24(5):11–22. https://doi.org/10.2147/RRTM.S39354. PMID: 32669888; PMCID: PMC7337201
Harvard Countway Library. Participating in Health Research Studies-Types of Health Research. https://guides.library.harvard.edu/c.php?g=389023&p=2639516. Last updated: May 27, 2020. Accessed 11 June 2021.
Hikaka J, Hughes C, Jones R, et al. A pharmacist-led medicines review intervention in community-dwelling Māori older adults- a feasibility study protocol. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2020;16(9):1264–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2019.12.004. Epub 2019 Dec 5
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Health Services Research: Training and Work Force Issues; Thaul S, Lohr KN, Tranquada RE, editors. Health Services Research: Opportunities for an Expanding Field of Inquiry: An Interim Statement. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1994. A WORKING DEFINITION OF HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK231502/
Jakubowski H, Xie J, Mitra AK, et al. The global ethics corner: foundations, beliefs, and the teaching of biomedical and scientific ethics around the world. Biochem Mol Biol Educ. 2017;45(5):385–95. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmb.21059.
Kekulawala M, Johnson TR. Ethical issues in global health engagement. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018;23(1):59–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.siny.2017.09.004.
La Gatta A, Ghidinelli F. The future role of pharmacists and pharmacovigilance after the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Vacunas. 2021;22(2):127–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacun.2020.12.003. Epub 2021 Jan 21. PMID: 33519331; PMCID: PMC7825854
Marzouk D, Abd El Aal W, Saleh A, Sleem H, Khyatti M, Mazini L, et al. Overview on health research ethics in Egypt and North Africa. Eur J Pub Health. 2014;24(1):87–91. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cku110.
Merks P, Jakubowska M, Drelich E, et al. The legal extension of the role of pharmacists in light of the COVID-19 global pandemic. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021;17(1):1807–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.05.033.
Minkler M, Garcia AP, Rubin V, et al. Community-based participatory research: a strategy for building healthy communities and promoting health through policy change – a report to the California endowment. PolicyLink; 2012.
Mohsen IM. Hypertension in developing countries: a major challenge for the future. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2018;20(5):38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-018-0839-1.
Moreels TG. Ethical aspects in medical publishing in Belgium. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2018;81(1):45–8.
National Institute of Health-Office of Disease Prevention. About Office of Disease Prevention: Prevention Research defined. Last updated February 18, 2020. https://prevention.nih.gov/about-odp/prevention-research-defined#:~:text=Prevention%20research%20includes%20studies%20that,effective%20preventive%20interventions%20into%20practice. Accessed 15 June 2021.
Nhamo G, Chikodzi D, Kunene HP, Mashula N. COVID-19 vaccines and treatments nationalism: challenges for low-income countries and the attainment of the SDGs. Glob Public Health. 2021;16(3):319–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2020.1860249. Epub 2020 Dec 15
Pratt B, Van C, Cong Y, et al. Perspectives from south and East Asia on clinical and research ethics: a literature review. J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics. 2014;9(2):52–67. https://doi.org/10.1525/jer.2014.9.2.52.
Rahman MM, Ghoshal UC, Ragunath K, et al. Biomedical research in developing countries: Opportunities, methods, and challenges. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2020;39(3):292–302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12664-020-01056-5. Epub 2020 Jun 30. PMID: 32607962; PMCID: PMC7325473
Rattani A, Hyder AA. Developing an Islamic research ethics framework. J Relig Health. 2019;58(1):74–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-017-0508-8.
Sakeena MHF, Bennett AA, McLachlan AJ. Enhancing pharmacists' role in developing countries to overcome the challenge of antimicrobial resistance: a narrative review. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2018;7:63. Published 2018 May 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-018-0351-z.
Shamim MS, Baig L, Torda A, et al. Culture and ethics in medical education: the Asian perspective. J Pak Med Assoc. 2018;68(3):444–6.
Song JW, Chong KC. Observational studies: cohort and case-control studies. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2010;126(6):2234–42. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181f44abc. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2998589/. Accessed 17 June 2021
Steele LM, Johnson JF, Watts LL, et al. A comparison of the effects of ethics training on international and US students. Sci Eng Ethics. 2016;22(4):1217–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-015-9678-5. Epub 2015 Jul 9
Top Master’s in Healthcare Administeration.5 Areas of Research for a Public Health Student. https://www.topmastersinhealthcare.com/lists/5-areas-of-research-for-a-public-health-student/. Accessed 11 June 2021.
Visacri MB, Figueiredo IV, Lima TM. Role of pharmacist during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021;17(1):1799–806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.07.003. Epub 2020 Jul 4. PMID: 33317760; PMCID: PMC7334137
World Health Organization (WHO). Regulation and Prequalification - What is Pharmacovigilance? 2021. Available at https://www.who.int/teams/regulation-prequalification/regulation-and-safety/pharmacovigilance#:~:text=Pharmacovigilance%20is%20the%20science%20and,they%20are%20authorized%20for%20use. Accessed 12 June 2021.
World Health Organization (WHO). Module 10: Pharmacovigilance. n.d..; https://www.who.int/hiv/pub/10.pdf
Yemeke TT. A systematic review of the role of pharmacists in vaccination services in low-and middle-income countries. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021;17.2:300–6. Web
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Drame, I., Nonyel, N.P., Harris, M. (2022). Public Health Research Ethics. In: Encyclopedia of Evidence in Pharmaceutical Public Health and Health Services Research in Pharmacy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50247-8_74-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50247-8_74-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-50247-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-50247-8
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences