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Microplastics in Biota

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Handbook of Microplastics in the Environment

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Abstract

Microplastics are omnipresent and pose a global threat to the environment due to their robustness, resilience, and enduring existence. Most of the microplastics research to date has focused on the marine ecosystem. Although freshwater and terrestrial ecosystem is perceived as starting points and transport pathways of plastics to the seas, there is a scarcity of information about these ecological compartments for effective ecological risk assessment. On reaching the environment, due to lower densities than water, MPs are subject to transportation through strong winds and river streams. This makes aggregation in various ecological compartments possible over some time due to their small size and large surface area. Existing scientific evidence shows that exposure to microplastics causes a wide range of toxic insults from feeding disruption to reproductive efficiency, physical adsorption, energy metabolism disruption, changes in liver physiology, synergistic, and antagonistic activity of certain organic compounds, among others, from producers to consumer trophic level. The objective of this chapter is to provide information on pertinent adverse effects of MPs in freshwater, marine water, and soil compartments from lower to the higher biological level of organization.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (IITR), Lucknow, India

    Krishna Gautam, Shreya Dwivedi & Sadasivam Anbumani

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India

    Krishna Gautam & Sadasivam Anbumani

Authors
  1. Krishna Gautam
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  2. Shreya Dwivedi
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  3. Sadasivam Anbumani
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sadasivam Anbumani .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

    Teresa Rocha-Santos

  2. Departamento de Oceanografia, Laboratório de Ecologia e Gerenciamento de Ecossistemas Costeiros e Estuarinos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil

    Monica F. Costa

  3. Faculty of Sciences, Université Catholique de L’Ouest, Angers cedex 01, France

    Catherine Mouneyrac

Section Editor information

  1. Department of Chemistry and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

    João Pinto da Costa

  2. Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

    Armando da Costa Duarte

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Gautam, K., Dwivedi, S., Anbumani, S. (2022). Microplastics in Biota. In: Rocha-Santos, T., Costa, M.F., Mouneyrac, C. (eds) Handbook of Microplastics in the Environment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39041-9_31

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