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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in the Arab Society of Israel

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Healthcare in the Arab World

  • 115 Accesses

Abstract

The ancient Egyptians described clinical features similar to diabetes mellitus about 3000 years ago. In recent years, diabetes had become a worrying pandemic disease. It has increased dramatically worldwide during the last decades and it affects more than 382 million people around the world, of whom 90% are diagnosed with type-2 DM (T2DM). It is rapidly increasing in developing as well as developed countries; moreover, it is even found to be increasing to a higher extent in the Arab world. Behavioral and sociodemographic factors associated with T2DM vary within different societies.

The aim of our current study is to shed a considerable amount of light on the status of diabetes in the Arab society of Israel, in relation to the various risk factors that are associated with T2DM. As this community has certain unique characteristics in relation to other residents of this country, lots of studies had been undertaken to explore and compare the incidence, prevalence, and trends of T2DM between all the residing communities in this holy land. Furthermore, in this book chapter we also attempted to shed light on the current status of diabetes in the Palestinian population living in the same holy land and abroad. In the end of this chapter, our recommendations, suggestions, and conclusions in relation to diabetes prevailing in our society are also included. We hope this chapter to constitute beneficiary information to all readers and knowledge seekers from all over the world.

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Abbreviations

AD:

Anno Domini

AIDS:

Acquired immune-deficiency syndrome

BMI:

Body mass index

CAD:

Coronary artery disease

CBS:

Central Bureau of Statistics

CGT:

Combined glucose tolerance

CHD:

Coronary heart disease

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

DN:

Diabetic nephropathy

DPP:

Diabetes Prevention Program

DR:

Diabetic retinopathy

ESRD:

End-stage renal disease

GDM:

Gestational diabetes mellitus

HbA1c:

Hemoglobin bound with glucose

HDL:

High-density lipoprotein

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

HMO:

Health Ministry Organization

IDF:

International Diabetes Federation

IFG:

Impaired fasting glucose

IGT:

Impaired glucose tolerance

IR:

Insulin resistance

LNCS:

Low- and no-calorie sweeteners

MENA:

Middle East and North Africa

NCD:

Noncommunicable disease

NGT:

Normal glucose tolerance

OECD:

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development

OGTT:

Oral glucose tolerance test

OR:

Odds ratio

PA:

Physical activity

T1DM:

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

T2DM:

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

UKPDS:

UK Prospective Diabetes Study

UNRWA:

United Nations Relief and Works Agency

USA:

United States of America

USD:

United States Dollar

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Human Biology Department, The Triangle Research and Development Center, Kfar-Qari, Israel

    Abdelnaser Zalan & Rajech Sharkia

  2. Beit-Berl Academic College, Beit-Berl, Israel

    Rajech Sharkia

Authors
  1. Abdelnaser Zalan
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  2. Rajech Sharkia
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Correspondence to Abdelnaser Zalan .

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  1. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Ismail Laher

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  1. Health Promotion, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Jutland, Denmark

    Anastasia Samara

  2. Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden

    Atika Khalaf

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Zalan, A., Sharkia, R. (2021). Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in the Arab Society of Israel. In: Laher, I. (eds) Handbook of Healthcare in the Arab World. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36811-1_162

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