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Smectite Clay Nanoarchitectures: Rational Design and Applications

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Handbook of Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites for Energy and Environmental Applications

Abstract

This chapter addresses different types of materials with nanoarchitectures with improved accessibility that are obtained from natural clays. Some historical aspects, structural properties, classification, and application are mentioned. Indeed, the class of clays is quite broad and this chapter emphasizes the smectite class, which are considered the most versatile, mainly because they can intercalate and stabilize species that act as pillars in the interlamellar region. This improves the ability for bulky molecules be adsorbed, reacted, or even released in controlled systems. Successful examples of montmorillonite clays with improved accessibility include acid-activated clays, pillared interlayered clays, porous clay heterostructures, and silica-clay nanocomposites. Clays with more open structures have several properties that can be adapted through synthesis modifications. Thus, the type of clay-mineral, the choice of surfactant and cosurfactant, the pillaring agent, the ability to insert heteroatoms into the silica structure, and the procedure for removing organic content are the main factors and they are detailed in this chapter. Finally, the applications reported in recent years are described, as are the challenges and perspectives.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the finance in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001, CNPq, FAPERGS and the PPGQ – UFRGS.

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  1. Laboratório de Reatividade e Catálise (LRC), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Bruna Pes Nicola, Katia Bernardo-Gusmão & Anderson Joel Schwanke

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  1. Bruna Pes Nicola
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  2. Katia Bernardo-Gusmão
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  3. Anderson Joel Schwanke
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  1. Department of Chemistry Science, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico

    Oxana Vasilievna Kharissova

  2. Instituto de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico

    Leticia Myriam Torres-Martínez

  3. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico

    Boris Ildusovich Kharisov

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Nicola, B.P., Bernardo-Gusmão, K., Schwanke, A.J. (2021). Smectite Clay Nanoarchitectures: Rational Design and Applications. In: Kharissova, O.V., Torres-Martínez, L.M., Kharisov, B.I. (eds) Handbook of Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites for Energy and Environmental Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36268-3_60

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