Skip to main content

Migration in Historical Archaeology

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology
  • 16 Accesses

Introduction

History is defined by the movements of people. From global expansion in early prehistory to the frequent engagement of individuals in international occupation in the present, people migrate (sometimes not by choice) in response to social, political, and economic needs. These processes are a continuous, global phenomenon, with 2–3% of the world’s population estimated to be in migration each year (Castles et al. 2014). These movements are occurring at different social and geographic scales, ranging spatially from local to international (Friedman 2007), temporally from temporary to permanent (Sabhlok 2019), and socially from acts of individual agency to forced migrations and slavery (Gill et al. 2011).

The processes that define migrations are often systematic, rooted in social and economic historical precedent. As a result, global developments within historical periods have had significant impact on how more recent migration processes take shape. For example, rapid...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 7,029.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 7,999.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adamson, G. 2015. Private diaries as information sources in climate research. WIREs Climate Change 6: 599–611.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, B. 1983. Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. Brooklyn: Verso.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J. 2004. Talking whilst walking: A geographical archaeology of knowledge. Area 36 (3): 254–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anthony, D.W. 1990. Migration in archaeology: The baby and the bathwater. American Anthropologist 92: 895–914.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anthony, D.W. 1999. The bath refilled: Migration in archaeology again. American Anthropologist 94 (1): 174–176. New Series.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, J. 1990. An archaeological perspective on the historic settlement pattern on Santa Cruz Island. Journal of California and Great Basin anthropology 12 (1): 112–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bittles, A.H., and B.T. Smith. 1994. Demographic and isonymy analysis. Human Biology 66 (1): 59–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, L.B. 1960. English migrants to New Zealand: The decision to move. Human Relations 13 (2): 167–174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, L.A., E.J. Malecki, and S. Gustavus Philliber. 1977. Awareness space characteristics in a migration context. Environment and Behavior 9 (3): 335–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burmeister, S. 2000. Archaeology and migration: Approaches to an archaeological proof of migration. Current Anthropology 41 (4): 539–567.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burmeister, S. 2016. Archaeological research on migration as a multidisciplinary challenge. Medieval Worlds 4: 42–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cameron, C.M., and S.G. Ortman. 2017. Movement and migration. In The Oxford handbook of Southwest archaeology, ed. B. Mills and S. Fowles, 715–728. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cannon, A., and K. Cook. 2015. Infant death and the archaeology of grief. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 25 (2): 399–416.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castles, S. 2002. Migration and community formation under conditions of globalization. IMR 36 (4): 1143–1168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castles, S. 2006. Global perspectives on forced migration. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 15 (1): 7–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castles, S., H. De Haas, and M. Miller. 2014. The age of migration: International movements in the modern world. New York: The Guilford Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Childe, V.G. 1950. Prehistoric migrations in Europe. Oslo/Cambridge, MA: Aschehoug/Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cloud, P., and D.W. Galenson. 1987. Chinese immigration and contract labor in the late nineteenth century. Explorations in Economic History 24: 22–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohn, R. 2000. Nativism and the end of mass migration of the 1840s and 1850s. The Journal of Economic History 60 (2): 361–383.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Curti, M., and K. Birr. 1950. The immigrant and the American image in Europe, 1860–1914. The Mississippi Valley Historical Review 37 (2): 203–230.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dahan, M., and G. Sheffer. 2001. Ethnic groups and distance shrinking communication technologies. Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 7 (1): 85–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, P., P. Crook, and T. Murray. 2013. An archaeology of institutional confinement: The Hyde Park Barracks, 1848–1886. Sydney: Sydney University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, N. 1989. Cargo manifests and custom records from American China Trade Vessels Bound for the Port of Philadelphia 1790–1840. Journal of East Asian Libraries 86: 17–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Cunzo, L.A. 1987. Adapting to factory and city: Illustrations from the industrialization and urbanization of Paterson, New Jersey. In Consumer choice in historical archaeology, ed. S.M. Spencer-Wood, 261–293. New York: Plenum.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • De Haas, H. 2010. Migration and development: A theoretical perspective. IMR 44 (1): 227–264.

    Google Scholar 

  • De León, J. 2015. The land of open graves: Living and dying on the migrant trail. Oakland: University of California Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Delaney, E. 2005. Transnationalism, networks and emigration from Post-War Ireland. Immigrants & Minorities 23 (2–3): 425–446.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Díaz-Andreu, M. 2001. Guest editor’s introduction nationalism and archaeology. Nations and Nationalism 7 (4): 429–440.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diener, A.C., and J. Hagen. 2012. Borders: A very short introduction. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Doyle, D.N. 2006. The remaking of Irish-America, 1845–1880. In Making the Irish American: History and the heritage of the Irish in the United States, ed. J.J. Lee and M.R. Casey, 314–319. New York: New York University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Esteves, R., and D. Khoudour-Castéras. 2011. Remittances, capital flows and financial development during the mass migration period, 1870–1913. European Review of Economic History 15 (3): 443–474.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feys, T. 2013. The battle for the migrants: The introduction of steam shipping on the North Atlantic and its impact on the European exodus. St. John’s: International Maritime Economic History Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fowles, S. 2011. Movement and the unsettling of the Pueblos. In Rethinking anthropological perspectives on migration, ed. G. Cabana and J. Clark, 45–67. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, N. 1992. The past in the future: History and the politics of identity. American Anthropologist 94 (4): 837–859.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, M. 2007. Beyond ‘voting with their feet’: Toward a conceptual history of ‘America’ in European Migrant Sending Communities, 1860 to 1914. Journal of Social History 40 (3): 557–575.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gill, N., J. Caletrío, and V. Mason. 2011. Introduction: Mobilities and forced migration. Mobilities 6 (3): 301–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gmelch, G. 1983. Who returns and why: Return migration behavior in two North Atlantic societies. Human Organization 42 (1): 46–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Golant, S.M. 1971. Adjustment process in a system: A behavioral model of human movement. Geographical Analysis 3: 203–220.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, D.R. 2011. Incorrigible vagabonds and suspicious spaces in nineteenth-century New Orleans. Historical Archaeology 45 (3): 55–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guinnane, T. 1997. The Vanishing Irish: Households, migration, and the rural economy in Ireland, 1850–1914. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hackenbeck, S. 2008. Migration in archaeology: Are we nearly there yet? Archaeological Review from Cambridge 23 (2): 9–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamilakis, Y. 2016. Archaeologies of forced and undocumented migration. Journal of Contemporary Archaeology 3 (2): 121–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Härke, H. 1998. Archaeologists and migrations: A problem of attitude? Current Anthropology 39 (1): 19–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, R.A.M., B.E. O’keeffe, and D.M. Jacobs. 1989. The search for missing friends: Irish immigrant advertisements in the Boston PILOT. Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hatton, T., and J. Williamson. 1994. What drove the mass migrations from Europe in the late nineteenth century? Historical paper No. 43. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hvidt, K. 1975. Flight to America: The social background of 300,000 Danish emigrants. New York: Academic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Insoll, T., ed. 2007. The archaeology of identities: A reader. Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Januarius, J., and N. Teughels. 2009. History meets archaeology: The historical use of images. A survey. Revue Belge de Philologie et d’Histoire 87 (3–4): 667–683.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Joyce, R.A., and S.D. Gillespie. 2015. Things in motion: Object itineraries in anthropological practice. Santa Fe: School for Advanced Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kearney, M. 1986. From the invisible hand to visible feet: Anthropological studies of migration and development. Annual Review of Anthropology 15: 331–361.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keeling, D. 2006. The business of transatlantic migration between Europe and the USA, 1900–1914. The Journal of Economic History 66 (2): 476–480.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kenny, K. 2003. Diaspora and comparison: The global Irish as a case study. The Journal of American History 90 (1): 134–162.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kerr, B. 1943. Irish seasonal migration to Great Britain, 1800–38. Irish Historical Studies 3 (12): 365–380.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kintigh, K., J.H. Altschul, M.C. Beaudry, R.D. Drennan, A.P. Kinzig, T.A. kohler, W.F. Limp, H.D.G. Maschner, W.K. Michener, T.R. Pauketat, P. Peregrine, J.A. Sabloff, T.J. Wilkinson, H.T. Wright, and M.A. Zeder. 2014. Grand challenges for archaeology. American Antiquity 79 (1): 5–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, S. 2003. Exporting culture: Archaeology and the nineteenth-century British Empire. Historical Archaeology 37 (1): 20–33. Recent Work in Historical Archaeology in Australia and New Zealand.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, E.S. 1966. A theory of migration. Demography 3 (1): 47–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, M., and R. Gowland. 2007. Brief and precarious lives: Infant mortality in contrasting sites from medieval and post-medieval England (AD 850–1859). American Journal of Physical Anthropology 134: 117–129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lightfoot, K.G., A. Martinez, and A.M. Schiff. 1998. Daily practice and material culture in pluralistic social settings: An archaeological study of culture change and persistence from Fort Ross, California. American Antiquity 63 (2): 199–222.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MacDonald, J.S., and L.D. MacDonald. 1964. Chain migration ethnic neighborhood formation and social networks. The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 42 (1): 82–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Magee, G.B., and A.S. Thompson. 2006. The global and local: Explaining migrant remittance flows in the English-speaking world, 1880–1914. The Journal of Economic History 66 (1): 177–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manning, P. 1990. The slave trade: The formal demography of a global system. Social Science History 14 (2): 255–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayne, A., and S. Lawrence. 1999. Ethnographies of place: A new urban research agenda. Urban History 26 (3): 325–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCarthy, A. 2003. Personal letters and the organization of Irish migration to and from New Zealand, 1848–1925. Irish Historical Studies 33 (131): 297–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDavid, C. 2002. Archaeologies that hurt; descendants that matter: A pragmatic approach to collaboration in the public interpretation of African-American archaeology. World Archaeology 34 (2): 303–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, T. 1998. The Deserted Village, Slievemore, Achill Island, County Mayo, Ireland. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 2 (2): 73–112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKeown, A. 2004. Global migration, 1846–1940. Journal of World History 15 (2): 155–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, C. 2009. Ireland and the Birth of the Irish-American Press, 1842–61. American Periodicals: A Journal of History & Criticism 19 (1): 5–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNeill, W.H. 1984. Human migration in historical perspective. Population and Development Review 10 (1): 1–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, K.A. 1980. Emigrants and exiles: Irish cultures and Irish emigration to North America, 1790–1922. Irish Historical Studies 22 (86): 97–125.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moran, M. 2014. Identity and capitalism. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moreton, E. 2016. Letters from America: Themes and methods in the study of Irish emigrant correspondence. In The Edinburgh companion to nineteenth-century American letters and letter-writing, ed. C.M. Bernier, J. Newman, and M. Pethers, 198–215. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nyhan, M. 2015. Oral histories: County societies in Irish New York. American Journal of Irish Studies 12: 159–169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ó Gráda, C., and K.H. O’Rourke. 1997. Migration as disaster relief: Lessons from the Great Irish Famine. European Review of Economic History 1 (1): 3–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Orser, C.E. 2010. Three 19th-century house sites in rural Ireland. Post-Medieval Archaeology 44 (1): 81–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Orser, C.E. 2011. Beneath the surface of tenement life: The Dialects of race and poverty during America’s first gilded age. Historical Archaeology 45 (3): 151–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oswald, A. 1960. The archaeology and economic history of English clay tobacco pipes. Journal of the British Archaeological Association 23 (1): 40–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Page, T.W. 1911. The transportation of immigrants and reception arrangements in the nineteenth century. Journal of Political Economy 19 (9): 732–749.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Passaris, C. 1989. Immigration and the evolution of economic theory. International Migration 27 (4): 525–542.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Piché, V. 2013. Contemporary migration theories as reflected in their founding texts. Population-E 68 (1): 141–164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pykles, B.C. 2008. A brief history of historical archaeology in the United States. The SAA Archaeological Record 8 (3): 32–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ravenstein, E.G. 1885. The laws of migration. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society 48: 167–227.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sabhlok, A. 2019. Seasonal migration and the working-class laboring body in India. In Handbook on critical geographies of migration, ed. K. Mitchelle, R. Jones, and J.L. Fluri. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skeldon, R. 2004. More than remittances: Other aspects of the relationship between migration and development. Paper presented at the Third Coordination Meeting on International Migration, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Somers, D.A., T.J. Crimmins, and M.E. Reed. 1973. Surveying the records of a city: The history of Atlanta project. The American Archivist 36 (3): 353–359.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spencerwoods, S.M., ed. 1987. Consumer choice in historical archaeology. New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stobart, J.S., and L. Bailey. 2018. Retail revolution and the village shop, c. 1660–1860. The Economic History Review 71 (2): 393–417.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). 1990. Pub. L. 101–601, 25 U.S.C. 3001 et seq., 104 Stat.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Dommelen, P. 2014. Moving on: Archaeological perspectives on mobility and migration. World Archaeology 46 (4): 477–483.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wall, B. 2014. Historical shifts in Native American subsistence strategies: An examination of store ledgers from Owens Valley. Journal of California and Great Basin anthropology 34 (2): 145–159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walsh, V.A. 1981. “A fanatic heart”: The cause of Irish-American nationalism in Pittsburgh during the gilded age. Journal of Social History 15 (2): 187–204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webster, J. 2008. Slave ships and maritime archaeology: An overview. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 12: 6–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wesley, C.H. 1942. Manifests of slave shipments along the waterways, 1808–1864. The Journal of Negro History 27 (2): 155–174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wiseman, R.F., and C.C. Roseman. 1979. A typology of elderly migration based on the decision making process. Economic Geography 55 (4): 324–337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wurst, L., and S.A. Mrozowski. 2014. Toward an archaeology of the future. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 18: 210–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Further Reading

  • Burmeister, S. 2000. Archaeology and migration: Approaches to an archaeological proof of migration. Current Anthropology 41 (4): 539–567.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cabana, G., and J. Clark, eds. 2011. Rethinking anthropological perspectives on migration. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castles, S., H. De Haas, and M. Miller. 2014. The age of migration: International movements in the modern world. New York: The Guilford Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • McKeown, A. 2004. Global migration, 1846–1940. Journal of World History 15 (2): 155–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Papastergiadis, N. 2000. The turbulence of migration. Globalization, deterritorialization and hybridity. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nicholas P. Ames .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Ames, N.P. (2020). Migration in Historical Archaeology. In: Smith, C. (eds) Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30018-0_3468

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics