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Encyclopedia of Mathematical Geosciences pp 1–5Cite as

Automatic and Programmed Gain Control

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Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series ((EESS))

Definition

In the electronic acquisition of geoscientific data, and their subsequent digital processing, we frequently subject the data to Gain Control which is a nonlinear transformation to maintain an approximately stationary signal of a prescribed Root Mean Square (RMS) amplitude at its output, despite time-dependent slow variations of the signal amplitude level at the input. In simple terms, Gain Control reduces the signal if it is strong and amplifies it when it is weak. There are two ways to control signal amplitude, automatically or in a preset, programmed manner. Automatic Gain Control (AGC, also called Automatic Volume Control (AVC), Automatic Level Control (ALC), Time-Varying Gain (TGC)) is realized by an algorithm where the output energy level in a sliding time-window controls the gain applied to the input to keep it within prescribed limits. Programmed Gain Control(PGC) applies a gain which is a function of record time and was determined beforehand. In some AGC or PGC...

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References

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Earth Science Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Gabor Korvin

Authors
  1. Gabor Korvin
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Correspondence to Gabor Korvin .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. System Science & Informatics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute- Bangalore Centre, Bangalore, India

    B.S. Daya Sagar

  2. Insititue of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China

    Qiuming Cheng

  3. School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK

    Jennifer McKinley

  4. Canada Geological Survey, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Frits Agterberg

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Korvin, G. (2022). Automatic and Programmed Gain Control. In: Daya Sagar, B., Cheng, Q., McKinley, J., Agterberg, F. (eds) Encyclopedia of Mathematical Geosciences. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26050-7_47-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26050-7_47-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-26050-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-26050-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Earth and Environm. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Earth and Environmental Sciences

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