Skip to main content

Quality of Life

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Gerontology and Population Aging
  • 69 Accesses

Synonyms

Aging well; Happiness; Life satisfaction; Perceived quality of life; Well-being

Definition

Quality of life (often referred to as QoL) is an umbrella term used to encompass a variety of concepts or constructs about an older adult’s overall well-being. Quality-of-life definitions and applications differ by discipline or field of study, so creating a universal definition for an older adult’s quality of life is very complex. Traditional quality-of-life definitions include domains such as one’s physical health, psychological well-being, functional status, social support and engagement, spiritual components, and life course or environmental factors. Quality of life is generally self-rated by the older adult based on his or her perceptions of his or her life at that point in time, but may be rated by others or be based on sociodemographic characteristics. Quality of life can be assessed at many levels, from the intra-individual (e.g., psychological or emotional states) to the...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Atchley RC (1989) A continuity theory of normal aging. Gerontologist 29:183–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Baernholdt M, Hinton I, Yan G, Rose K, Mattos M (2012) Factors associated with quality of life in older adults in the United States. Qual Life Res 21(3):527–534

    Google Scholar 

  • Baltes PB, Baltes MM (1990) Psychological perspectives on successful aging: the model of selective optimization with compensation. Success Aging 1:1–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowling A (2009) The psychometric properties of the older people’s quality of life questionnaire, compared with the CASP-19 and the WHOQOL-OLD. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res 2009:1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowling A, Seetai S, Morris R, Ebrahim S (2007) Quality of life among older people with poor functioning. The influence of perceived control over life. Age Ageing 36(3):310–315

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowling A, Rowe G, Adams S, Sands P, Samsi K, Crane M, Manthorpe J (2015) Quality of life in dementia: a systematically conducted narrative review of dementia-specific measurement scales. Aging Ment Health 19(1):13–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Brod M, Stewart AL, Sands L, Walton P (1999) Conceptualization and measurement of quality of life in dementia: the dementia quality of life instrument (DQoL). Gerontologist 39:25–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Buco CEAM, Buenviaje KAC, Bulan RBC, Cabaña RJL, Cabuhat MKS, Bongar MVV, Macindo JRB (2018) Developing and testing a model of quality of life among chronically-ill, community-dwelling older adults: a structural equation model. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 78:261–268

    Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control’s (CDC) (2019) Health related quality of life. Retrieved 2 Mar 2019. https://www.cdc.gov/hrqol/index.htm

  • Choi M, Lee M, Lee M, Jung D (2017) Physical activity, quality of life and successful ageing among community-dwelling older adults. Int Nurs Rev 64(3):396–404

    Google Scholar 

  • Cumming E, Henry W (1961) Growing old: the process of disengagement. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Fredriksen-Goldsen KI, Kim H, Shiu C, Goldsen J, Emlet CA (2015) Successful aging among LGBT older adults: physical and mental health-related quality of life by age group. Gerontologist 55(1):154–168

    Google Scholar 

  • Gasiorek J, Barile JP (2018) Associations between profiles of communication about aging and quality of life for middle-aged and older American adults. Int J Aging Hum Dev 87(2):141–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Gobbens RJJ, van Assen MALM (2018) Associations of environmental factors with quality of life in older adults. Gerontologist 58(1):101–110

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammar LM, Williams CL, Summer Meranius M, McKee KJ (2018) Extended support to increase quality of life in spouse caregivers bof older adults with dementia. A pilot study. J Am Geriatr Soc 66:S76

    Google Scholar 

  • Havighurst RJ, Neugarten BL, Tobin SS (1963) Disengagement, personality and life satisfaction in the later years. In: Hansen PF (ed) Age with a Future. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, pp 419–425

    Google Scholar 

  • Heckhausen J, Wrosch C, Schultz R (2010) A motivational theory of life-span development. Psychol Rev 117(1):32–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Hsu Y, Lu FJH (2018) Older adults’ physical exercise and health-related quality of life: the mediating role of physical self-concept. Educ Gerontol 44(4):247–254

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyde M, Wiggins RD, Higgs P, Blane DB (2003) A measure of quality of life in early old age: the theory, development and properties of a needs satisfaction model (CASP-19). Aging Ment Health 7(3):186–194

    Google Scholar 

  • I-Chan H, Lee JL, Ketheeswaran P, Jones CM, Revicki DA, Wu AW (2017) Does personality affect health-related quality of life? A systematic review. PLoS One 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173806

  • Kane R (2003) Definition, measurement, and correlates of quality of life in nursing homes: toward a reasonable practice, research, and policy agenda. Gerontologist 43(2):28–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Kang H, Park M, Wallace JP (2018) The impact of perceived social support, loneliness, and physical activity on quality of life in south Korean older adults. J Sport Health Sci 7(2):237–244

    Google Scholar 

  • Kasper JD, Wolff JL, Skehan M (2018) Care arrangements of older adults: what they prefer, what they have, and implications for quality of life. Gerontologist. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gny127

  • Katz S, Ford AB, Moskowitz RW, Jackson BA, Jaffe MW (1963) Studies of illness in the aged. The index of ADL: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. JAMA 21(185):914–919

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim H-J, Jen S, Fredriksen-Goldsen KI (2017) Race/ethnicity and health-related quality of life among LGBT older adults. Gerontologist 57(1):S30–S39

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawton MP (1975) The Philadelphia geriatric center morale scale: a revision. J Gerontol 30(1):85–89

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawton MP, Brody EM (1969) Assessment of older people: self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontologist 9(3):179–186

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawton MP, Nahemow L (1973) Ecology and the aging process. In: Eisdorfer CE, & Lawton M (eds) The psychology of adult development and aging. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association

    Google Scholar 

  • Mallers M, Claver M, Lares LA (2013) Perceived control in the lives of older adults: the influence of langer and rodin’s work on gerontological theory, policy, and practice. Gerontologist 54(1):67–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Mezey M, Dubler NN, Mitty E, Brody AA (2002) What impact do setting and transitions have on the quality of life at the end of life and the quality of the dying process? Gerontologist 42(3):54–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitra D, Weil J (eds) (2014) Race and the Lifecourse: readings from the intersection of race, ethnicity, and age. Springer, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Payne ME, Porter Starr KN, Orenduff M, Mulder HS, McDonald SR, Spira AP, Bales CW (2018) Quality of life and mental health in older adults with obesity and frailty: associations with a weight loss intervention. J Nutr Health Aging 22(10):1259–1265

    Google Scholar 

  • Pocnet C, Antonietti J, Strippoli MF, Glaus J, Preisig M, Rossier J (2016) Individuals’ quality of life linked to major life events, perceived social support, and personality traits. Qual Life Res 25(11):2897–2908

    Google Scholar 

  • Polku H, Mikkola TM, Rantakokko M, Portegijs E, Törmäkangas T, Rantanen T, Viljanen A (2018) Hearing and quality of life among community-dwelling older adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 73(3):543–552

    Google Scholar 

  • Power M, Quinn K, Schmidt S (2005) Development of the WHOQOL-old module. Qual Life Res 14(10):2197–2214

    Google Scholar 

  • Rabins PV, Kasper JD, Kleinman L, Black BS, Patrick DL (1999) Concepts and methods in the development of the ADRQL: an instrument for assessing health-related quality of life in persons with Alzheimer’s disease. J Mental Health Aging 5:33–48

    Google Scholar 

  • RAND (2019) 36-Item short form survey (SF-36). Retrieved on 2 Mar 2019. https://www.rand.org/health-care/surveys_tools/mos/36-item-short-form.html

  • Raphael D, Smith T, Brown I, Renwick R (1995) Development and properties of the short and brief versions of the quality of life profile: seniors version. Int J Health Sci 6:161–168

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts AR, Adams KB (2018) Quality of life trajectories of older adults living in senior housing. Res Aging 40(6):511–534

    Google Scholar 

  • Sambasivam R, Liu J, Vaingankar JA, Ong HL, Tan M, Fauziana R, Subramaniam M (2019) The hidden patient: chronic physical morbidity, psychological distress, and quality of life in caregivers of older adults. Psychogeriatrics 19(1):65–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt S, Hahm S, Freitag S (2018) Writing interventions in older adults and former children of the world war II: impact on quality of life and depression. Aging Ment Health 22(8):1023–1030

    Google Scholar 

  • Stark SL, Somerville EK, Morris JC (2010) In home occupational performance evaluation (I-HOPE). Am J Occup Ther 64(4):580–589

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomita MR, Schuler E, Moy H, Sigler J (2018) Effects of free transportation on function, health, and quality of life in community-dwelling older adults. Am J Occup Ther 72(4):7211515229p1

    Google Scholar 

  • Tornstam L (1996) Gerotranscendence: a theory about maturing into old age. J Aging Identity 1(1):37–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Tseng Y, Liu SH, Lou M, Huang G (2018) Quality of life in older adults with sensory impairments: a systematic review. Qual Life Res 27(8):1957–1971

    Google Scholar 

  • Valdivieso-Mora E, Ivanisevic M, Shaw LA, Garnier-Villarreal M, Green ZD, Salazar-Villanea M, Johnson DK (2018) Health-related quality of life of older adults in Costa Rica as measured by the short-form-36 health survey. Gerontol Geriatr Med 4:233372141878281

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang R, De Donder L, De Backer F, Triquet K, Shihua L, Honghui P, Lombaerts K (2018) Exploring the association of learning participation with the quality of life of older Chinese adults: a mixed methods approach. Educ Gerontol 44(5–6):378–390

    Google Scholar 

  • Ward M, McGarrigle CA, Kenny RA (2019) More than health: quality of life trajectories among older adults-findings from the Irish longitudinal study of ageing (TILDA). Qual Life Res Int J Qual Life Asp Treat Care Rehab 28(2):429–439

    Google Scholar 

  • Weil J (2018) Creation of a new aging in place measure, Gerontological Society of America’s annual meeting, November 14

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (WHO) (1993) Measuring quality of life: the development of the World Health Organization quality of life instrument (WHOQOL). World Health Organization, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu F, Cohen SA, Lofgren IE, Greene GW, Delmonico MJ, Greaney ML (2018) Relationship between diet quality, physical activity and health-related quality of life in older adults: findings from 2007–2014 national health and nutrition examination survey. J Nutr Health Aging 22(9):1072–1079

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joyce Weil .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Weil, J., Cabrera, C. (2021). Quality of Life. In: Gu, D., Dupre, M.E. (eds) Encyclopedia of Gerontology and Population Aging. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22009-9_638

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics