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Health Consequences of Microbial Interactions with Hydrocarbons, Oils, and Lipids pp 335–356Cite as

Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils

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Part of the book series: Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology ((HHLM))

Abstract

The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens subsequent to antibiotic use, associated with increased mortality and a significant economic problem, has prompted researchers to exploit novel compounds that are simultaneously effective and safe and with the capacity to control the emergence of MDR microorganisms. The study of natural plant-derived products has been a successful approach for the discovery of new therapeutics. Essential oils (EOs) are a complex mixture of hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds, in which the active compounds of these EOs can be terpenes (mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes), terpenoids, or phenylpropenes. EOs are recognized for their bioactive properties, including their antimicrobial abilities. In this chapter, EOs are described from their chemical properties, extraction techniques from plants, and applications. Mechanisms of action and biochemical and molecular targets of EOs in bacteria, fungi, and virus are also discussed. Besides the well-documented antimicrobial activity of EOs, other significant biological properties of these compounds including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer, which make them promising agents in the treatment of different diseases, are described.

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Acknowledgments

This work was the result of the projects: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030219; POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006939 (Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy – UID/EQU/00511/2013) funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), through COMPETE2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) – and by national funds, through FCT, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000005, LEPABE-2-ECO-INNOVATION, supported by North Portugal Regional Operational Program (NORTE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).

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  1. LEPABE – Laboratório de Engenharia de Processos, Ambiente, Biotecnologia e Energia, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Marta Ribeiro & Manuel Simões

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  1. Marta Ribeiro
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  2. Manuel Simões
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Correspondence to Manuel Simões .

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  1. Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Howard Goldfine

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Ribeiro, M., Simões, M. (2020). Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils. In: Goldfine, H. (eds) Health Consequences of Microbial Interactions with Hydrocarbons, Oils, and Lipids. Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15147-8_28

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