Definition
Heterosexual transmission is currently the major mode of HIV transmission worldwide. In addition to the CD4+ T cells which are the principal target, several other potential HIV target cell types including antigen-presenting cells (APCs) (dendritic cells, macrophages) residing at mucosal sites can be also infected. The capacity of these APCs to replicate cell-free virus is low but they transfer HIV-1 to CD4 T lymphocytes efficiently. The various modes of infection are responsible for rapid and efficient replication of HIV-1 and its dissemination through the organism. Preventing cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1 is crucial for inhibiting HIV-1 propagation, and either antiretroviral drugs or anti-HIV-1-specific antibodies (Abs) can be used.
Introduction
The annual number of new HIV infection has been in decline since 2005 and the major mode of HIV transmission is now through sexual contact. Mucosal sites (genital tracts or anal mucosa) contain various types of immune cells,...
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Acknowledgments
We thank and appreciate our financial support from the EuroNeut41 (FP7-HELTH-2007-A-201038), EuroPrise (LSHP-CT-2006-037611), Sidaction, ANRS (French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis), Dormeur Investment Service Ltd., VRI (Vaccine Research Institute), and Fonds de Dotation Pierre Berge. B.S. was supported by French fellowship from ANRS and M.P. was supported by EuroNeut41 grants.
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Su, B., Peressin, M., Moog, C. (2018). Inhibition of HIV-1 Spread: Cell-Free Versus Cell-Cell. In: Hope, T.J., Richman, D.D., Stevenson, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_137
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