Table 3 Oral antimicrobial agents for bloody diarrhea in children based on infecting organism
| Â | Drug | Dose and administration | Duration | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shigella | Azithromycin | 12mg/kg day 1 followed by 6 mg/kg daily for days 2–5 | 5 days |  | |
Cefixime | 8 mg/kg/day QD or BID | 5 days | Â | ||
TMP-SMX | 8–10 mg/kg (based upon TMP component) BID | 5 days | If isolated strain is susceptible | ||
Salmonella (nontyphoidal) | TMP-SMX | 8–10 mg/kg BID | 7–10 days | Their use should be preserved for young infants, infants with high fever and immunocompromised children | |
Cefixime | 8 mg/kg/day QD or BID | 7–10 days |  | ||
Azithromycin | 15 mg/kg day 1 followed by 10 mg/kg daily days 2–5 | 5 days |  | ||
Campylobacter | Azithromycin | 15 mg/kg day 1 followed by 10 mg/kg daily days 2–5 | 5 days | Effective if started in the first 3 days of disease onset | |
Entamoeba trophozoites | Metronidazole | 35–50 mg/kg/day TID | 7–10 days |  | |
Giardia | Metronidazole | 15 mg/kg/day TID | 5–7 days |  | |
Clostridioides Difficile | Mild to moderate | Metronidazole | 30 mg/kg/day QID | 7–14 days |  |
Severe or recurrent | Vancomycin | 40 mg/kg/day QID | 10 days | Â | |
Fidaxomicin | 200 mg BID | 10 days | For children >6 years | ||