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Cyclophilin A and HIV-1 Replication

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  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of AIDS

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Definition

Cyclophilin A (CypA) is the founding member of the large cyclophilin family of proteins. It is encoded by the 5 exon PPIA gene on chromosome 7p13. CypA is a globular protein with a hydrophobic pocket that is expressed constitutively at high level. There are roughly 20 genes that encode proteins with a CypA domain, as well as many nonfunctional CypA pseudogenes. The owl monkey TRIM5-CypA fusion gene is a textbook example of how new exons are generated by LINE-1-catalyzed retrotranposition of abundant cDNAs, in this case the CypA cDNA. Orthologues of CypA are found in most species, from eubacteria through mammals. The only species that do not have orthologues are extremophile archaebacteria. The hydrophobic pocket of CypA binds to proline-containing peptides, as best exemplified by proline 90 on the external face of the HIV-1 capsid. CypA is thought to carry out a global function in protein folding by catalyzing the cis-transinterconversion of peptide bonds that contain...

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References

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Program in Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Biotech 2, Suite 319, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA

    Jeremy Luban

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  1. Jeremy Luban
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Correspondence to Jeremy Luban .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Cell & Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Thomas J. Hope

  2. Office of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA

    Mario Stevenson

  3. University of California, San Diego Dept. Pathology, La Jolla, California, USA

    Douglas Richman

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Luban, J. (2013). Cyclophilin A and HIV-1 Replication. In: Hope, T., Stevenson, M., Richman, D. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_74-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_74-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-9610-6

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