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Encyclopedia of AIDS pp 1–8Cite as

Nef/Env/Vpu/Tetherin

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Definition

The interferon-inducible protein tetherin (also called BST2, CD317, or HM1.24) is a key component of the innate immunity against retroviral infections. Tetherin was named after its unique ability to restrict the release of enveloped viruses by physically tethering them to the plasma membrane of infected cells. Notably, tetherin also acts as a pattern recognition receptor inducing NF-κB-dependent expression of antiviral genes upon sensing of budding virions.

At least three primate lentiviral proteins (Vpu, Nef, and Env) have evolved the ability to counteract tetherin and enable the virus to evade this restriction. Due to a constant evolutionary arms race between virus and host, antagonization of tetherin by viral proteins is frequently species-specific. Human tetherin, for example, is resistant against counteraction by many simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV) and represents a significant hurdle for successful zoonotic transmissions of SIV to humans. Thus, the evolution of a...

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References

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany

    Daniel Sauter

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  1. Daniel Sauter
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Correspondence to Daniel Sauter .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Cell & Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Thomas J. Hope

  2. Office of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA

    Mario Stevenson

  3. University of California, San Diego Dept. Pathology, La Jolla, California, USA

    Douglas Richman

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Sauter, D. (2015). Nef/Env/Vpu/Tetherin. In: Hope, T., Stevenson, M., Richman, D. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_377-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_377-1

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  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-9610-6

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