Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms pp 1–5Cite as

Hornito

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:

  • 126 Accesses

Definition

A small (few meters wide and tall) rootless lava spatter cone that forms dominantly on the surface of a basaltic pahoehoe lava flow.

Synonyms

Driblet cone

A type of rootless vent

Description

Usually small mounds of spatter built over (Kauahikaua et al. 1998; Skinner 1993) rootless vents.

Subtypes

The shatter ring is a circular lava surface feature composed of angular and fluidally shaped lava and solidified lava fragments. Shatter rings are the result of the pressure fluctuation of the lava in the active lava tube resulting in a mechanical stress on the lava tube roof lifting and dropping a few meters wide cracked zones of the gradually solidifying crust (Kauahikaua et al. 1998; Kauahikaua et al. 2003; Lockwood and Hazlett 2010). The shatter cone edifice is composed of fragmented chilled lava tube roof rocks that formed relatively passively (e.g., they were cooled and solidified prior to their fragmentation), while hornitos are the result of an active process lead weak...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

References

  • Gao WY, Li JH, Mao X, Zhang TR (2010) Discussion on genetic mechanism of hornitos in Wudalianchi volcanic field. Acta Petrol Sinica 26(1):309–317

    Google Scholar 

  • Kauahikaua J, Cashman KV, Mattox TN, Heliker CC, Hon KA, Mangan MT, Thornber CR (1998) Observations on basaltic lava streams in tubes from Kilauea Volcano, island of Hawai’i. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 103(B11):27303–27323

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kauahikaua JP, Sherrod DR, Cashman KV, Heliker C, Hon K, Mattox T, Johnson J (2003) Hawaiian lava-flow dynamics during the Pu’u O’o-Kupaianaha eruption: a tale of two decades. In: Heliker C, Swanson DA, Takahashi TJ (eds) The Pu’u O’o-Kupaianaha eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawai’i: the first 20 years. US Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, USA, pp 63–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Lockwood J, Hazlett R (2010) Volcanoes – global perspectives. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 539 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Skinner C (1993) Open vertical volcanic conduits: a preliminary investigation of an unusual volcanic cave form with examples from Newberry Volcano and the Central High Cascades of Oregon. In: Proceedings of the third international symposium on vulcanospeleology. International Speleological Foundation, Seattle, pp 7–17

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Volcanic Risk Solutions, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

    Károly Németh

Authors
  1. Károly Németh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Károly Németh .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this entry

Cite this entry

Németh, K. (2014). Hornito. In: Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9213-9_190-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9213-9_190-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-9213-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Earth and Environm. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Earth and Environmental Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation