Treatment of Non-falciparum, Mixed Species, and Nonhuman Malaria

Synonyms

ACT, Artemisinin-based combination therapy; G6PD, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; NADPH, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; P., Plasmodium; PCR, Polymerase chain reaction; qPCR, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction; RDT, Rapid diagnostic test

Definitions

G6PD deficiency:

An X-linked recessive disorder resulting in defective G6PD enzyme and characterized by G6PD activity <30% of the normal mean

Hypnozoites:

Dormant liver-stage parasites found in P. vivax and P. ovale infections that can result in reemergences of parasitemia up to years after the initial infection

Radical cure:

Elimination of liver-stage parasites and prevention of relapses in addition to clearance of blood-stage parasites

Recrudescence:

Reemergence of parasitemia from (usually submicroscopic) blood-stage infection (potentially all parasites causing human malaria)

Relapse:

Reemergence of parasitemia due to the reactivation of hypnozoites in P. vivax and P. ovale

Background

Plasmodium falciparum...