Definition
Microbial diversity is broadly defined as genetic variation in natural microbial populations.
Introduction
Metagenomics studies the genetic materials of a natural microbial community recovered from an environmental sample. A typical metagenomic study involves two major steps, including an initial experimental stage for genetic material extraction and sequencing and a following stage using standard bioinformatic tools for molecular sequence analysis. The present review, however, focuses on several recently developed computational methods that are designed to explore ecological diversity of microbial populations through analyzing published metagenomic databases. Although these methods have only been used to mine metagenomic data sets from the oceans, they can be easily adapted to those from any other environments.
An Ensemble Machine Learning Method to Predict Protein...
References
Altschul SF, Madden TL, Schaffer AA, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Miller W, Lipman DJ. Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res. 1997;25:3389–402.
Chang J-M, Su EC-Y, Lo A, Chiu H-S, Sung T-Y, Hsu W-L. PSLDoc: protein subcellular localization prediction based on gapped-dipeptides and probabilistic latent semantic analysis. Proteins. 2008;72:693–710.
Dyrlov Bendtsen J, Nielsen H, von Heijne G, Brunak S. Improved prediction of signal peptides: signalP 3.0. J Mol Biol. 2004;340:783–95.
Hua S, Sun Z. Support vector machine approach for protein subcellular localization prediction. Bioinformatics. 2001;17:721–8.
Käll L, Krogh A, Sonnhammer ELL. Advantages of combined transmembrane topology and signal peptide prediction – the Phobius web server. Nucleic Acids Res. 2007;35:W429–32.
Koski LB, Golding GB. The closest BLAST hit is often not the nearest neighbor. J Mol Evol. 2001;52:540–2.
Lu Z, Szafron D, Greiner R, Lu P, Wishart DS, Poulin B, et al. Predicting subcellular localization of proteins using machine-learned classifiers. Bioinformatics. 2004;20:547–56.
Luo H. Predicted protein subcellular localization in dominant surface ocean bacterioplankton. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012;78:6550–7.
Luo H, Hughes AL. dN/dS does not show positive selection drives separation of polar-tropical SAR11 populations. Mol Syst Biol. 2012;8.
Luo H, Benner R, Long RA, Hu J. Subcellular localization of marine bacterial alkaline phosphatases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2009;106:21219–23.
Luo H, Zhang H, Long RA, Benner R. Depth distributions of alkaline phosphatase and phosphonate utilization genes in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Aquat Microb Ecol. 2011;62:61–9.
Luo H, Löytynoja A, Moran MA. Genome content of uncultivated marine Roseobacters in the surface ocean. Environ Microbiol. 2012;14:41–51.
McHardy AC, Martin HG, Tsirigos A, Hugenholtz P, Rigoutsos I. Accurate phylogenetic classification of variable-length DNA fragments. Nat Methods. 2007;4:63–72.
Menne KML, Hermjakob H, Apweiler R. A comparison of signal sequence prediction methods using a test set of signal peptides. Bioinformatics. 2000;16:741–2.
Rusch DB, Halpern AL, Sutton G, Heidelberg KB, Williamson S, Yooseph S, et al. The sorcerer II global ocean sampling expedition: Northwest Atlantic through Eastern tropical pacific. PLoS Biol. 2007;5:e77.
Yang Z. PAML: a program package for phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood. Bioinformatics. 1997;13:555–6.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this entry
Cite this entry
Luo, H. (2013). New Computational Methodologies to Understand Microbial Diversity. In: Nelson, K. (eds) Encyclopedia of Metagenomics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6418-1_762-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6418-1_762-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-6418-1
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences