Skip to main content

Personal Unconscious

  • Reference work entry
Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion
  • 54 Accesses

The unconscious has a long history in psychology. Although Freud is credited for his contributions on the understanding of the unconscious, contemporary psychology has failed to find evidence for much of Freud’s assertions concerning what the unconscious part of human beings contains. The unconscious is now considered to be indicative of automatic thought processes. Automatic thought is generally characterized as nonconscious processing. Automatic thought processes involve reflexive responses to certain triggering conditions. These processes require only that a stimulus event or object be detected by an individual’s sensory system. Once that triggering event is detected, the process runs to completion without awareness (for a review, see Wegner and Bargh 1998). Such nonconscious influences on thoughts can, in turn, automatically influence behavior. One frequently cited demonstration of this effect involved the priming of some participants with the concept of the elderly. Results...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Bibliography

  • Bargh, J. A., Chen, M., & Burrows, L. (1996). Automaticity of social behavior: Direct effects of trait construct and stereotype activation on action. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 230–244.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dijksterhuis, A., Aarts, H., & Smith, P. K. (2005). The power of the subliminal: On subliminal persuasion and other potential applications. In R. Hassin, J. Uleman, & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), The new unconscious (pp. 77–106). New York: Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, P. C. (1994). Toward an attitude process model of religious experience. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 33, 303–314.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pichon, I., Boccato, G., & Saroglou, V. (2007). Nonconscious influences of religion on prosociality: A priming study. European Journal of Social Psychology, 37, 1032–1045.

    Google Scholar 

  • Randolph-Seng, B., & Nielsen, M. E. (2007). Honesty: One effect of primed religious representations. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 17, 303–315.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shariff, A. F., & Norenzayan, A. (2007). God is watching you: Priming God concepts increases prosocial behavior in an anonymous economic game. Psychological Science, 18, 803–809.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wegner, D. M., & Bargh, J. A. (1998). Control and automaticity in social life. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology (4th ed., pp. 446–496). Boston: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Brandon Randolph-Seng .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this entry

Cite this entry

Randolph-Seng, B. (2014). Personal Unconscious. In: Leeming, D.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6086-2_504

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6086-2_504

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-6085-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-6086-2

  • eBook Packages: Behavioral Science

Publish with us

Policies and ethics