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Abbreviations
- Founder bird (F0):
-
A bird into which a genetic vector was introduced. This vector may become incorporated into the chromosomes of some of the somatic and germ cells of the bird.
- F1 bird:
-
The offspring of the F0 bird. Transgenic F1 birds will contain the transgene incorporated into a chromosome in every cell of the animal.
- Germ line chimera:
-
A genetically modified founder bird (F0) in which the introduced biological material (i.e., DNA, virus, cells) has contributed to cells of the germ cell lineage of the host animal.
- Primordial germ cells:
-
Cells in the developing embryo belonging to the germ cell lineage at a developmental stage before any sexual differentiation has occurred. These primitive germ cells may be located in the embryo in tissues other than the forming gonad.
- Retrovirus:
-
A virus that carries its genome as an RNA molecule. After infecting a cell, the RNA is reverse transcribed into a DNA molecule that is inserted into the genome of the infected cell at which point it is referred to as a provirus. The provirus is passed to all daughter cells as part of the host cell’s genome.
- Recombinant proteins:
-
A protein produced using recombinant DNA technology. The DNA sequence encoding the protein of interest is artificially constructed using genetic engineering and the protein is produced by inserting the DNA along with DNA regulatory regions into a bacterium, a eukaryotic cell, or an animal.
- Transgenic bird:
-
Any avian species in which part of its genetic component contains DNA deriving from an exogenous source, or that the genome of the bird has been altered by human intervention.
- Transgenic bird lines:
-
A flock of birds deriving from a F1 bird containing a transgenic modification at a defined genetic locus.
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McGrew, M.J. (2013). Avian Specific Transgenesis . In: Christou, P., Savin, R., Costa-Pierce, B.A., Misztal, I., Whitelaw, C.B.A. (eds) Sustainable Food Production. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_6
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