Synonyms
Definition
Import systems that transport the transition metal ion across cell membranes in order to provide it for synthesis of coenzyme B12 and for incorporation into cobalt-containing enzymes.
Background
Cobalt is a trace nutrient for prokaryotes and utilized for biosynthesis of the cobalt-containing coenzyme B12 (see also Vitamin B12 ), and for incorporation into noncorrin Co-containing enzymes. Animals must take up vitamin B12 with their diet or from intestinal prokaryotic producers. In higher plants, physiological roles for corrin and noncorrin cobalt enzymes have so far not been established. Nevertheless, beneficial effects of Co2+ for plant growth are known (Pilon-Smits et al. 2009). These effects may be due to stimulating growth of bacteria in the rhizosphere and of root-nodulating bacterial endosymbionts.
The focus of this short survey is on import systems in prokaryotes that transport Co2+ions with high affinity and...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Cheng J, Poduska B, Morton RA, Finan TM (2011) An ABC-type cobalt transport system is essential for growth of Sinorhizobium meliloti at trace metal concentrations. J Bacteriol 193:4405–4416
Degen O, Eitinger T (2002) Substrate specificity of nickel/cobalt permeases: insights from mutants altered in transmembrane domains I and II. J Bacteriol 184:3569–3577
Eitinger T, Rodionov DA, Grote M, Schneider E (2011) Canonical and ECF-type ATP-binding cassette importers in prokaryotes: diversity in modular organization and cellular functions. FEMS Microbiol Rev 35:3–67
Eitinger T, Suhr J, Moore L, Smith JAC (2005) Secondary transporters for nickel and cobalt ions: theme and variations. Biometals 18:399–405
Kiefer P, Buchhaupt M, Christen P, Kaup B, Schrader J, Vorholt J (2009) Metabolite profiling uncovers plasmid-induced cobalt limitation under methylotrophic growth conditions. PLoS ONE 4:e7831
Moomaw AS, Maguire ME (2008) The unique nature of Mg2+ channels. Physiology 23:275–285
Niegowski D, Eshaghi S (2007) The CorA family: structure and function revisited. Cell Mol Life Sci 64:2564–2574
Pilon-Smits EAH, Quinn CF, Tapken W et al (2009) Physiological functions of beneficial elements. Curr Opin Plant Biol 12:267–274
Rodionov DA, Hebbeln P, Gelfand MS, Eitinger T (2006) Comparative and functional genomic analysis of prokaryotic nickel and cobalt uptake transporters: evidence for a novel group of ATP-binding cassette transporters. J Bacteriol 188:317–327
Rodionov DA, Hebbeln P, Eudes A et al (2009) A novel class of modular transporters for vitamins in prokaryotes. J Bacteriol 191:42–51
Schauer K, Rodionov DA, de Reuse H (2008) New substrates for TonB-dependent transport: do we only see the ‘tip of the iceberg?’. Trends Biochem Sci 33:330–338
Siche S, Neubauer O, Hebbeln P, Eitinger T (2010) A bipartite S unit of an ECF-type cobalt transporter. Res Microbiol 161:824–829
Xia Y, Lundbäck A-K, Sahaf N, Nordlund G, Brzezinski P, Eshaghi S (2011) Co2+ selectivity of Thermotoga maritima CorA and its inability to regulate Mg2+ homeostasis present a new class of CorA proteins. J Biol Chem 286:16525–16532
Zhang Y, Rodionov DA, Gelfand MS, Gladyshev VN (2009) Comparative genomic analyses of nickel, cobalt and vitamin B12 utilization. BMC Genomics 10:78
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this entry
Cite this entry
Eitinger, T. (2013). Cobalt Transporters. In: Kretsinger, R.H., Uversky, V.N., Permyakov, E.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1533-6_74
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1533-6_74
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-1532-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-1533-6
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences