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Extreme Environmental Events pp 663–679Cite as

Infrasound from Earthquakes , Tsunamis and Volcanoes

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Article Outline

Glossary

Definition of the Subject

Introduction

Infrasound Arrays

Earthquake Infrasound

Tsunami Infrasound

Volcano Infrasound

Future Directions

Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgments

Bibliography

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Abbreviations

Infrasound:

atmospheric sound waves with frequencies lower than the 20 Hz hearing threshold of the human ear.

Infrasound array:

four or more horizontally separated identical microphones or microbarometers with precisely known locations that optimize the reception of a specified wavelength range.

Trace velocity:

apparent horizontal phase velocity of an acoustic arrival measured by an array.

Celerity:

effective propagation speed of a signal, measured from the ratio of the total range over the total travel time along the great circle path from a source to a receiver.

Tremor:

volcanic signal consisting of a nearly continuous oscillation of the ground and atmosphere, with durations of minutes to years. Harmonic tremor may have multiple distinct spectral peaks.

LP:

Long Period event. Transient volcanic signal with durations of tens of seconds to minutes and distinct spectral peaks.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank C. Hetzer, P. Caron, and S. McNamara for figures and analyses. Garces also extends his appreciation to M. Protti, M. Haggerty, and S. Schwartz for their contributions to the Arenal studies. D. Fee and R. Matoza provided very useful revisions to this chapter, for which we are grateful. Garces' contributions to this chapter were supported in part by the National Science Foundation (grant EAR-0609669).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Infrasound Laboratory, HIGP, SOEST, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Kailua–Kona, USA

    Milton Garces

  2. CEA/DASE/LD, Bruyères-le-Châtel, France

    Alexis Le Pichon

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  1. Milton Garces
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  1. RAMTECH LIMITED, 122 Escalle Lane, Larkspur, CA, 94939, USA

    Robert A. Meyers Ph. D. (Editor-in-Chief) (Editor-in-Chief)

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Garces, M., Le Pichon, A. (2011). Infrasound from Earthquakes , Tsunamis and Volcanoes . In: Meyers, R. (eds) Extreme Environmental Events. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7695-6_35

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