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Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders pp 1623–1633Cite as

Intellectual Disability

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Synonyms

Cognitive delay; Developmental delay; Intellectual impairment; Learning disability (United Kingdom); Mental retardation (former term)

Short Description or Definition

The definition of intellectual disability (ID) is based on three criteria: significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills and age of onset before age 18 years (Schalock, Verdugo, Bonham, Fantova, & Van Loon, 2010). It is estimated that the occurrence of ID in ASD ranges from 25% to 70%, depending on a number of methodological factors, including the design of the studies, the definitions of ASD and ID, and the ascertainment methods used (LaMalfa, Lassi, Bertelli, Salvini, & Placidi, 2004; Lecavalier, Snow, & Norris, 2011; Matson & Shoemaker, 2009). ASD is the second most common co-occurring mental disorder in individuals with ID after attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (AD/HD) (Centers for Disease Control, 2010)....

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nisonger Center, UCEDD, The Ohio State University, 1581 Dodd Dr, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA

    Rose E. A. Nevill & Susan M. Havercamp (Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Psychology)

Authors
  1. Rose E. A. Nevill
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  2. Susan M. Havercamp
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Susan M. Havercamp .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Irving B. Harris Professor of Child Psychiatry, Pediatrics and Psychology Yale University School of Medicine, Chief, Child Psychiatry Children's Hospital at Yale-New Haven Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, USA

    Fred R. Volkmar (Director, Child Study Center) (Director, Child Study Center)

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Nevill, R.E.A., Havercamp, S.M. (2013). Intellectual Disability. In: Volkmar, F.R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_1641

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_1641

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-1697-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-1698-3

  • eBook Packages: Behavioral Science

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